Why Drivers Should Not Be Mandatory - 1635 Words

In the United States, turning 16years is taken as an achievement for most teens because it is finally the time they get to drive a vehicle. A person endures painful driving lessons from his or her overprotective parents who grip on the passenger seat for dear life and lecture him or her for driving a bit fast.lastly, when a person is ready for driving test, he or she take the nerve-wrecking driving tests where if unlucky the driving supervisor would be a grumpy looking man who appear so tough that one can lose his or her nerve and begin making silly mistakes. Nevertheless, after going through the hardships and pain, an individual finally gets a license and a little taste of freedom. Unfortunately, drivers should not be capable to use their phones when driving a vehicle because it is dangerous for the driver and the pedestrian as well. The use of phones takes the driver’s attention off the road. Texting and driving causes fatal accidents, which is the leading cause of deaths among teens and is illegal in most countries. In fact, the usage of phones can cause wrecks and are usually fatal. The people who partake in texting and driving are jeopardizing others as well as themselves. It causes late delayed responses. Drivers require all of their senses, such as sight and hearing to drive. According to psychological study texting and driving puts the driver at a four times higher risk of crashes (Libby et al, 875). Texting and driving causes loss of attention and one single errorShow MoreRelatedWhy Banning the Use of Cell Phones While Driving Should Be Mandatory Nationwide1039 Words   |  5 PagesWhy Banning the Use of Cell Phones While Driving Should Be Mand atory Nationwide Dimuthu perera AC1304661   SP180.0.3 Principles of Public Speaking   Assignment 6_06 8/26/13 â€Å"WHY BANNING THE USE OF CELL PHONES WHILE DRIVING SHOULD BE MANDATORY NATIONWIDE† TITLE: Why Banning the Use of Cell Phones While Driving Should Be Mandatory Nationwide? A. General Purpose: Persuade B. Specific Purpose: Persuade my audience that banning the use of cell phones while driving should be mandatoryRead MoreWhy An Annual Mandatory Driving And Written Test Will Separate Those977 Words   |  4 Pages A long standing argument has been weather or not people of a certain age should no longer drive. With age comes a certain decline in vision, reflexes, hearing, and memory, that puts everyone on the road in jeopardy; however not everyone will have declining senses, which is why an annual mandatory driving and written test will separate those who can and can not operate a vehicle safely. These tests should be mandatory over a certain age. The driving test is important to better access relexesRead MoreEssay on The Government Should Mandate Helmet Use for All Cyclists1507 Words   |  7 PagesThe Government Should Mandate Helmet Use for All Cyclists Cuts, bruises and even broken bones will heal, but damage to your brain can last a lifetime. You can prevent possible injuries from unforeseen disasters such as smacking the street, sidewalk, curb, a car, tree or anything else around you by using safety precautions. In some cases, we are required to use safety measures, while in others we are merely advised. For instance, while driving an automobile, the law requires for all occupantsRead MoreDTSM Assignment882 Words   |  4 Pagesï » ¿1. DEMERIT POINT SYSTEM Demerit points are added to your driver’s licence, if you are convicted of breaking certain driving laws. The rules are different depending on if you are a new driver or have a full licence. This information will explain how the demerit points system works.   How demerit points work You don’t â€Å"lose† demerit points on your driving record. You start with zero points and gain points for being convicted of breaking certain traffic laws. Demerit points stay on your record forRead MoreHow Does the Bottle Taste in Prison? Essay769 Words   |  4 Pagesfirst time offenders include: having their driver’s licenses revoked and paying a fine ranging from $500-$2,000. All drunk drivers should be imprisoned for eight or more months because they are likely to repeat the offense, they cause most automobile fatalities/injuries, and drivers can participate in rehabilitation programs while incarcerated. The first reason drunk drivers should be imprisoned because they are likely to repeat the behavior. Sadly, a DUI does not stop offenders from repetitively havingRead MoreBanning the Use of Cell Phones While Driving Should Be Mandatory Nationwide671 Words   |  3 Pagesinform the audience of the dangers of using cellphones while driving and convince the audience why it is essential to ban use of cellphones while driving should be mandatory nationwide C. Central idea: with increased use of technology and more specifically cellphones there are an increased number of accidents due to distraction because of the use of cellphones while driving. Therefore, the government should pass legislation to ban cell phone usage while driving nationwide I. Introduction CellRead MoreRisks of Teenagers Obtaining a Drivers Licence790 Words   |  3 PagesBut that may change if they know that they have a much higher risk of having a motor accident than adult drivers. In the United States, driving accidents are a leading cause of death among teenagers. These accidents happen mostly in populated cities. This problem has caused each state to have its own driving laws for teens. Although this problem is already a priority in many states, it should get more attention from the general public, especially teens. It is important for people to know about drivingRead MoreA Website On Air Pollution1029 Words   |  5 PagesTo become a member of the Greenrides program, you pay $25 per year. You get the individual car rides for free, but would still pay $10 per shuttle ride. We the car manufactures are concerned that the next generation of drivers will not be educated enough on air pollution. They should be able to learn about air pollution for a small price. You r car is designed to run at an optimal efficiency, however time, distance, and weather, contribute to decreasing that efficiency. Routine maintenance and careRead MoreHigh School Should Be Mandatory863 Words   |  4 PagesAll through high school one always wonders why certain courses have to be taken. Thinking certain courses are a waste of one’s time and how it takes 12 years just to receive a diploma. Sounds crazy to think half of one’s life is spent in school preparing to receive a better understanding of education. During graduation, walking through the stage makes one along other proud and accomplished of all the efforts that took place. This not only helps one become more educated and aware of the things goingRead MoreRacial Bias Toward The Black Community1518 Words   |  7 Pagesour police and incarceration systems. From traffic stops to America’s prison population to mandatory minimums, racism is prevalent in every facet of America’s â€Å"do mestic security† apparatus. Facing harsher punishment, 1 in 3 black men will go to prison and receive a 10% longer sentence than their white counterpart. Cocaine and Crack Cocaine are virtually the same substance but with vastly different mandatory minimum sentences. Cocaine is inhaled through the nasal cavity and Crack Cocaine is smoked

Consumer Behavior Free Essays

2. What is the basic difference between a fad, a fashion, a classic, and a trend? Provide example of each. A fashion refers to a style that is accepted by a large group of people at a given time such as skinny jeans. We will write a custom essay sample on Consumer Behavior or any similar topic only for you Order Now Some styles become classics, which are styles that become acceptable and in good taste anytime and place such as the classic black dress. A fad is a short lived fashion that suddenly becomes popular and quickly disappears; generally it only affects a specific group of the population such as low rise jeans wore by juniors. A trend is a general direction or movement as a style begins to be accepted such as the revival of high-waist jeans made from a light denim which also were worn in the 60-70s. 11. State some differences between the positivist and interpretivist approaches to consumer research. For each type of inquiry give examples of product dimensions what would be more usefully explored using that type of research over the other. Positivist assume the nature of reality is objective, tangible, and single, while the interprevisit believe that nature of reality is socially constructed and multiple, this should be used with products that are socially minded and include interactions based on technology such as social networking. Positivist have a goal of prediction which is good when trying to create trend reports and in the process of product development, while interpretivist goal is of understanding, this would be most useful when analyzing behavior toward products already on the market. . What is the difference between an enacted norm and a crescive norm? Identify the set of crescive norms operating when a man and a woman in your culture go out for dinner on a first date. What would they wear? An enacted norm are explicitly decided upon while crescive norms are embedded in a culture and are only discovered through interaction with other members’ of the culture. When a young man and woman go out on a first date, if they are both from the same culture then they are following crescive norms, because they are both following the norms which are accepted within their given culture. If they are both from completely different cultures, then they would be operating on enacted norms. What they would wear would be determined based upon what is accepted in their culture as appropriate wear for the occasion. 3. Read the Article â€Å" Body Ritual Among the Nacirema† and discuss what is going on. How to cite Consumer Behavior, Papers Consumer Behavior Free Essays string(72) " and they put on funny little skits when they are waiting on customers\." Chapter 01 Consumer Behavior and Marketing Strategy Multiple Choice Questions 1. Why is China very attractive to marketers around the world? A. because it represents a collective approach to marketing in contrast to the traditional individualist approach used in the United States and other western cultures B. We will write a custom essay sample on Consumer Behavior or any similar topic only for you Order Now Chinese consumers are very brand loyal C. they are the heaviest users of the Internet D. Chinese teens are easier to understand because they are less â€Å"trendy† than teenagers from other countries E. because of its massive population, rising income, and emerging youth market . _____ is the study of individuals, groups, or organizations and the processes they use to select, secure, use, and dispose of products, services, experiences, or ideas to satisfy needs and the impacts that these processes have on the consumer and society. A. Marketing B. Consumer behavior C. Psychographics D. Demographics E. Psychology 3. One primary function of Harriet’s job is to study individuals, groups, or organizations and the processes they use to select, secure, use, and dispose of her company’s products and services to satisfy needs and the impacts that hese processes have on the consumer and society. Harriet works in the field of _____. A. social psychology B. cognitive psycho logy C. management D. consumer behavior E. organizational behavior 4. Which of the following is NOT true regarding consumer behavior? A. Organizations are applying theories and information about consumer behavior on a daily basis. B. It is often necessary to conduct research. C. Consumer behavior is a complex, multidimensional process. D. The overall model of consumer behavior presented in the text is accurate in predicting consumer behavior. E. Marketing practices designed to influence consumer behavior involve ethical issues that affect the firm, the individual, and society. 5. Which of the following is a key aspect regarding consumer behavior? A. Organizations are applying theories and information about consumer behavior on a daily basis. B. It is often necessary to conduct research. C. Consumer behavior is a complex, multidimensional process. D. Marketing practices designed to influence consumer behavior involve ethical issues that affect the firm, the individual, and society. E. all of the above 6. Which of the following is NOT an application of consumer behavior? A. marketing strategy B. human resource management C. regulatory policy D. informed consumers E. social marketing 7. Thomas wants to gain a usable understanding of consumer behavior in order to help him become a more effective marketing manager. Which application of consumer behavior does this represent? A. marketing strategy B. regulatory policy C. social marketing D. informed consumers E. resource management 8. _____ is the application of marketing strategies and tactics to alter or create behaviors that have a positive effect on the targeted individuals or society as a whole. A. Social marketing B. Consumer behavior C. Regulation D. Proactive marketing E. Ethical marketing 9. Mia is concerned how her marketing activities will affect individual consumers as well as society at large. Mia is implementing _____. A. conscientious marketing B. regulated marketing C. ethical marketing D. proactive marketing E. social marketing 10. Most economically developed societies are legitimately referred to as _____ societies. A. marketing B. proactive C. consumption D. competitive E. enhanced 11. Which of the following is used by firms to influence consumers? A. ads B. ackages C. store environments D. sales pitches E. all of the above 12. To survive in a competitive environment, an organization must provide its target customers more _____ than is provided to them by its competition. A. product B. service C. value D. feedback E. attention 13. The difference between all the benefits derived from a total product and all the costs of acquiring those benefits is known as _____ . A. price B. position C. consumer behavior D. customer value E. equity 14. Laurie saved for six months to have enough money to buy a new designer outfit to wear to a special party. She had to travel to a larger city to purchase this outfit, but it was worth it to her because it made her feel beautiful and confident. The difference between the benefits Laurie perceived from this purchase and the cost to her to acquire these benefits describes her _____. A. consumer behavior B. customer value C. motivation D. equity difference E. perceptual field 15. It is critical that a firm consider value from which perspective? A. the competition’s B. the firm’s C. the customer’s D. the government’s E. the industry’s 16. How can an organization provide superior customer value to customers? A. y conducting market research B. by offering their products at the lowest price C. by offering extended warranty coverage on products D. by doing a better job of anticipating and reacting to customer needs than the competition does E. by offering more variations of a product 17. Marketing strategy begins with _____. A. market segmentation B. targeting C. conducting an outcomes assessment D. objective setting E. conducting a market analysis 18. Harold is tasked with developing the marketing strategy for his family’s business. What should he do first? A. segment the market B. conduct a market analysis C. ecide on which segments to target D. develop the marketing mix E. set objectives 19. Marketing strategy is formulated in terms of the marketing mix; that is, it involves determining the product, features, price, communications, distribution, and services that will provide customers with superior value. This entire set of characteristics is often referred to as the _____. A. total product B. customer value C. offering D. value proposition E. total value 20. Disney World in Orlando, FL has several theme parks, resorts, restaurants, and stores. Each is intentionally created to offer a memorable event for visitors. For example, the Wilderness Lodge is a large resort hotel on the grounds, and everything within it is made to look like log cabins and pioneer days. Even the casual restaurant has the wait staff dressed in pioneer costumes, and they put on funny little skits when they are waiting on customers. You read "Consumer Behavior" in category "Essay examples" Which of the following best describes what Disney is selling? A. a product B. a service C. a bundled product D. a bundled service E. an experience 21. _____ are small, convenient, open-air retailing complexes laid out to evoke the small-town shopping districts of previous generations. A. Malls B. Kiosks C. Town centers D. Lifestyle centers E. Micro-malls 22. Which of the following is a component of a market analysis? A. market segmentation B. objectives C. conditions D. price E. all of the above 23. Darren is conducting a market analysis for his business, and he has asked your advice on what he should be analyzing. Which of the following should he consider at this step of marketing strategy development? A. the company’s own ability to meet customer needs B. competitors’ capabilities and strategies C. consumers’ needs D. conditions in the market E. all of the above 24. Jamie is developing a thorough understanding of his company’s own capabilities, the capabilities of current and future competitors, the consumption process of potential customers, and the economic, physical, and technological environment in which these elements interact. Which step in the marketing strategy process is Jamie performing? A. setting objectives B. segmenting the market C. conducting a market analysis D. assessing the outcomes E. targeting the market 25. Which of the following aspects is evaluated when determining a firm’s ability to meet customer needs? A. financial condition B. general managerial skills C. roduction capabilities D. technological sophistication E. all of the above 26. Which of the following is NOT evaluated when analyzing a company’s own ability to meet customer needs? A. competitors B. financial strengths C. general managerial skills D. production capabilities E. reputation 27. As part of developing your company’s marketing s trategy, you are tasked with analyzing the new-product capabilities, channel strength, advertising abilities, service capabilities, marketing research abilities, and market and consumer knowledge. Which aspect of your company’s capabilities are you assessing? A. financial strength B. marketing skills C. general managerial skills D. production capabilities E. reputation 28. A portion of a larger market whose needs differ somewhat from the larger market is referred to as a(n) _____. A. market segment B. niche C. subgroup D. ancillary market E. secondary market 29. Smaller women like to purchase fashionable clothes just as much as any women. However, most clothes are not proportioned for their smaller size and do not fit well. As a result, several manufacturers offer â€Å"petite† sizes of clothing for this group of consumers. Women who comprise this group have needs that differ somewhat from the total market and represent a _____. A. demographic segment B. lifestyle segment C. market potential D. sub-market E. market segment 30. Tracking consumers’ online activity and delivering specific banner ads based on that activity is known as _____. A. clickstream B. blogging C. spam D. behavioral targeting E. electronic targeting 31. Tacoda Systems tracks consumers’ online activity and delivers specific banners based on that activity. This tracking and ad delivery system has been installed on almost 3,000 Web sites, and advertisers pay on a pay-for-performance basis, which means that advertisers pay Tacoda Systems only when a consumer clicks on their ad. The tracking of online activity and delivery of ads based on that activity is called _____. A. click-throughs B. behavioral targeting C. spamming D. blogging E. cookie targeting 32. What is the first step in market segmentation? A. describe each group B. group customers with similar needs sets C. identify product-related need sets D. select an attractive segment to serve E. set objectives for segmenting 33. What is the LAST step in market segmentation? A. describing each group B. selecting an attractive segment(s) to serve C. identifying product-related need sets D. grouping customers with similar need sets E. eciding the segmenting scheme 34. Which of the following is NOT a step in market segmentation? A. set budget B. identify product-related need sets C. group customers with similar need sets D. describe each group E. select an attractive segment(s) to serve 35. Carlos is attempting to segment the market for his company’s products. Where should he begin? A. set objectives B . identify product-related need sets C. group customers with similar need sets D. describe each group E. selecting an attractive segment(s) to serve 36. Which term reflects the fact that most products in developed economies satisfy more than one need? A. multiplicity B. duplicity C. need array D. need set E. value proposition 37. Barry is looking for a car that is dependable yet stylish enough to let others know that he has achieved a respectable status in his life and career. He also wants it to be a high-performance automobile. Dependability, status, and performance represent Barry’s _____. A. self-image B. need set C. alter ego D. unarticulated needs E. lifestyle 38. Which of the following is used to describe a group of consumers with similar needs sets? A. demographics B. lifestyles C. media usage D. a and b E. a, b, and c 39. Talbot’s is a women’s clothing store that offers classic fashions at a slightly premium price (i. e. , a wool skirt typically costs over $100). During the process of market segmentation, Talbot’s identified a group of consumers who are larger than average women yet still want stylish clothing. Further research into this segment revealed that these women tend to be between the ages of 35 and 50, are career-oriented, have a household income over $50,000, and are married with children under the age of 18 living at home. This group is also heavy users of magazines and newspapers as well as prime-time television. Which step of market segmentation does this describe? A. identifying product-related need sets B. grouping customer with similar need sets C. describing each group D. selecting an attractive segment(s) to serve E. profiling current customers 40. The segment(s) within the larger market on which an organization will focus its marketing effort is referred to as the _____. A. need set B. target market C. customer set D. strategic market E. primary market 41. J Produce is a distributor of fresh produce. They conducted a thorough analysis of its market and identified groups of consumers that had similar product-related needs. One particular market identified wanted fresh and unique produce, such as Swiss chard, radicchio, and exotic fruits, and they were willing to pay higher prices for these choices. J Produce decided to focus its marketing effort on this segment of the total market. This segment is J’s _____. A. need set B. primary market C. customer set D. target market E. market focus 42. Which of the following is used to evaluate the attractiveness of various market segments? A. segment size B. distribution available C. fit with company image D. cost to serve E. all of the above 43. Juan has segmented the market for boats and is currently analyzing each with respect to several factors, such as size, growth rate, competitor strength, fit with company image, distribution available, cost to serve, and risk before deciding which segment to target. Which step of market segmentation is Juan conducting? A. identifying product-related need sets B. grouping customer with similar need sets C. describing each group D. selecting an attractive segment(s) to serve E. profiling current customers 44. The product, price, communications, distribution, and services provided to the target market is referred to as the _____. A. need set B. marketing mix C. marketing set D. decision set E. value proposition 45. Which of the following is part of the marketing mix? A. product B. price C. communications D. distribution E. all of the above 46. A(n) _____ is anything a consumer acquires or might acquire to meet a perceived need. A. satisfier B. end state C. product D. value proposition E. outcome 47. To be successful, a product must _____. A. meet the needs of the target market better than the competition does B. be lower priced than competitors’ products C. be of higher quality than competitors’ products D. be advertised more than competitors’ products E. have greater distribution than the competition does 48. _____ include(s) advertising, the sales force, public relations, packaging, and any other signal that the firm provides about itself and its products. A. Value promotions B. Brand equity C. Distribution D. Market segmentation E. Marketing communications 49. Which of the following is included in marketing communications? A. advertising B. sales force C. public relations D. packaging E. all of the above 50. Which of the following is NOT a critical question for developing marketing communications? A. Who do we want to communicate with? B. What effect do we want to have? C. What message will achieve the desired result? D. What media should we use? E. all of the above are critical questions 51. _____ is the amount of money one must pay to obtain the right to use the product. A. Consumer cost B. Total cost C. Price D. Value E. Customer value 52. Amy purchased a new 32†³ LCD high-definition television and paid $1,999 for it. This amount of money Amy had to pay to obtain this product is known as the _____. A. total cost B. value C. value proposition D. price E. consumer cost 53. _____ is everything the consumer must surrender in order to receive the benefits of owning/using the product. A. Value B. Consumer cost C. Price D. Opportunity cost E. Value proposition 54. Timothy and his wife are considering the purchase of a new car. In addition to the price, they are also considering the cost of insurance, gasoline, maintenance, finance charges, and license fees. All of these factors combined represent the _____. A. value B. price C. opportunity cost D. consumer cost E. value proposition 55. Which element of the marketing mix is concerned with having the product available where target customers can buy it? A. product B. price C. distribution D. communications E. placement 56. Tony’s job entails making sure his company’s products get to retailers so that target customers can buy them. Which element of the marketing mix is Tony involved with? A. product B. price C. distribution D. communications E. placement 57. Auxiliary or peripheral activities that are performed to enhance the primary product or primary service is referred to as _____. A. service B. supplemental product C. intangible benefits D. secondary product E. ancillary attributes 58. Which of the following is NOT considered one of the firm’s outcomes of the marketing strategy and consumer behavior process? A. product position B. ustomer satisfaction C. service D. sales and profits E. all of the above are considered outcomes for the firm 59. An image of the product or brand in the consumer’s mind relative to competing products and brands is referred to as the product’s _____. A. equity B. extension C. message D. placement E. position 60. A product’s positio n refers to _____. A. its shelf location in retail stores B. an image of the product in the consumer’s mind relative to competing products C. its price relative to other products in the firm’s product line D. its price relative to competitors’ products E. its stage in the product development process 1. Rod is surveying consumers to gain a better understanding of his restaurant’s image relative to competing restaurants. Rod is concerned with his restaurant’s _____. A. position B. equity C. placement D. driver E. satisfaction index 62. Which outcome of marketing strategy produces the revenue necessary for the firm to continue in business? A. customer satisfaction B. product position C. consumption D. social welfare E. sales and profits 63. John purchases and is satisfied with his SUV because he believes that it provides greater crash safety than a sedan even though this is not technically true. John’s satisfaction is based on the distinction between _____. A. primary need fulfillment and secondary need fulfillment B. actual need fulfillment and perceived need fulfillment C. initial need fulfillment and repeat need fulfillment D. articulated need fulfillment and unarticulated need fulfillment E. attribute fulfillment and benefit fulfillment 64. _____ occurs when individuals or groups make consumption decisions that have negative consequence for their long-run well-being. A. Disintermediation B. Conspicuous consumption C. Disenfranchisement D. Injurious consumption E. Demarketing 65. Bob and his friends go out every weekend and drink until they get drunk. Then they drive home in that condition. Which type of consumption does this represent? A. injurious consumption B. severe consumption C. conspicuous consumption D. unethical consumption E. anti-social consumption 66. Which of the following is a societal outcome of marketing strategy and consumer behavior? A. sales B. need satisfaction C. social welfare D. customer satisfaction E. product position 67. Which of the following is NOT a societal outcome of marketing strategy and consumer behavior? A. economic outcomes B. ustomer satisfaction C. physical environment outcomes D. social welfare E. all of the above are societal outcomes 68. Which is NOT a step in the consumer’s decision process? A. information search B. postpurchase processes C. problem recognition D. alternative evaluation and selection E. self-concept analysis 69. Which of the following is an internal influence on consumer behavior? A. culture B . family C. attitudes D. marketing activities E. reference groups 70. Which is NOT an external influence on consumer behavior? A. culture B. family C. social status D. perception E. marketing activities 71. Teresa is trying to understand her customers better. She is examining the external influences that shape her customers’ self-concepts and lifestyles. Which of the following is a possible external influence Teresa could examine? A. motives B. personality C. perception D. attitudes E. culture 72. Liz Claiborne is a brand of clothing, accessories, and home products. Brand managers at this company are trying to learn which internal influences impact their customers’ needs and desires most. Which of the following is a possible internal influence these managers should examine? A. culture B. personality C. demographics D. family E. social status 73. What is the first step in the consumer decision process? A. problem recognition B. budget setting C. information search D. outlet selection E. alternative evaluation and selection 74. Which of the following statements is true regarding the overall model of consumer behavior? A. It is sufficiently detailed so as to predict particular behaviors. B. Family and culture are internal influences on consumer behavior. C. Personality, emotions, and attitudes represent external influences on consumer behavior. D. A consumer’s self-concept and lifestyle influence his or her needs and desires. E. Experiences and acquisitions have little effect on the process. 75. The totality of an individual’s thoughts and feelings about him- or herself is known as _____. A. lifestyle B. self-concept C. internal influences D. external influences E. consumption outcomes 76. _____ represents how one lives, including the products one buys, how one uses them, what one thinks about them, and how one feels about them. A. Lifestyle B. Self-concept C. Position D. Status E. Social class 77. Which type of decisions involve very little effort or thought on the part of the consumer? A. rimary decisions B. top-of-mind decisions C. low-involvement decisions D. automatic decisions E. self-related decisions 78. Karen was at the checkout at the grocery store and remembered that she was out of chewing gum that she normally likes to keep in her purse. Without much thought, she grabbed two packages of the gum she likes. What type of consumer decision does this illustration? A. primary decision B. top- of-mind decision C. low-involvement decision D. automatic decision E. self-related decision 79. Which of the following is FALSE regarding the working poor? A. They are forced to spend a disproportionate percentage of their income on housing, utilities, and medical care. B. They generally rely on public transportation. C. They spend a larger portion of their relatively small incomes on meals away from home. D. They spend very little on their own financial security. E. They spend the same percent of their income as do higher income consumers on apparel and accessories. 80. What does the consumption of a product like Nikes mean to Andre, the working poor consumer discussed in the â€Å"Consumer Insight†? A. that he can afford a brand that is superior in meeting his physical needs B. is peers will now accept him C. they serve as a visible symbol that he is back as a successful member of society D. he peers will try to be more like him E. they serve as a reminder of what he used to have True / False Questions 81. Consumer behavior is a complex, multidimensional process. True  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  False 82. Marketing decisions and regulations ar e based on exact knowledge of consumer behavior. True  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  False 83. Economically developed societies are often referred to as marketing societies. True  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  False 84. It is critical that a firm consider value from the customer’s perspective. True  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  False 85. Marketing strategy begins with objective setting. True  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  False 86. Product features, price, communications, distribution, and services together are often referred to as customer value. True  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  False 87. Small, convenient, open-air retailing complexes are called town centers. True  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  False 88. Marketing skills include a firm’s financial expertise, general managerial skills, production capabilities, research and development capabilities, technological sophistication, and reputation. True  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  False 89. Tracking consumers’ online activity and sending them specific banner ads based on that activity is known as behavioral targeting. True  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  False 90. The term used to reflect the fact that most products in developed economies satisfy more than one need is customer value. True  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  False 91. A target market is that segment(s) of the larger market on which a company will focus its marketing effort. True  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  False 92. The outcomes of a firm’s marketing strategy are determined by its interaction with the consumer decision process. True  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  False 93. Two key processes involved in need satisfaction are the actual need fulfillment and the perceived need fulfillment. True  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  False 94. A consumer’s needs and desires are shaped by his or her self-concept and lifestyle. True  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  False 95. Lifestyle is the totality of an individual’s thoughts and feelings about him- or herself. True  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  False Essay Questions 96. Describe the field of consumer behavior, and discuss the four key aspects of consumer behavior that make it an important area of study. 97. List and briefly describe applications of consumer behavior. 98. List and briefly describe the four steps involved in market segmentation. 99. Briefly describe the outcomes of marketing strategy for the firm, consumers, and society. 100. Alex is developing the marketing strategy for a brand of men’s clothing. Before he develops his strategy, Alex will conduct research to better understand his customers. Briefly describe a conceptual model that includes the factors he should consider in his research. Chapter 01 Consumer Behavior and Marketing Strategy Answer Key Multiple Choice Questions 1. (p. 5)  Why is China very attractive to marketers around the world? A. because it represents a collective approach to marketing in contrast to the traditional individualist approach used in the United States and other western cultures B. Chinese consumers are very brand loyal C. they are the heaviest users of the Internet D. Chinese teens are easier to understand because they are less â€Å"trendy† than teenagers from other countries E. because of its massive population, rising income, and emerging youth market Difficulty: moderate 2. (p. 6)  _____ is the study of individuals, groups, or organizations and the processes they use to select, secure, use, and dispose of products, services, experiences, or ideas to satisfy needs and the impacts that these processes have on the consumer and society. A. Marketing B. Consumer behavior C. Psychographics D. Demographics E. Psychology Difficulty: easy 3. (p. )  One primary function of Harriet’s job is to study individuals, groups, or organizations and the processes they use to select, secure, use, and dispose of her company’s products and services to satisfy needs and the impacts that these processes have on the consumer and society. Harriet works in the field of _____. A. social psychology B. cognitive psychology C. management D. consum er behavior E. organizational behavior Difficulty: easy 4. (p. 7)  Which of the following is NOT true regarding consumer behavior? A. Organizations are applying theories and information about consumer behavior on a daily basis. B. It is often necessary to conduct research. C. Consumer behavior is a complex, multidimensional process. D. The overall model of consumer behavior presented in the text is accurate in predicting consumer behavior. E. Marketing practices designed to influence consumer behavior involve ethical issues that affect the firm, the individual, and society. Difficulty: hard 5. (p. 7)  Which of the following is a key aspect regarding consumer behavior? A. Organizations are applying theories and information about consumer behavior on a daily basis. B. It is often necessary to conduct research. C. Consumer behavior is a complex, multidimensional process. D. Marketing practices designed to influence consumer behavior involve ethical issues that affect the firm, the individual, and society. E. all of the above Difficulty: easy 6. (p. 9-11)  Which of the following is NOT an application of consumer behavior? A. marketing strategy B. human resource management C. regulatory policy D. informed consumers E. social marketing Difficulty: moderate 7. (p. 9)  Thomas wants to gain a usable understanding of consumer behavior in order to help him become a more effective marketing manager. Which application of consumer behavior does this represent? A. marketing strategy B. regulatory policy C. social marketing D. informed consumers E. resource management Difficulty: moderate 8. (p. 10)  _____ is the application of marketing strategies and tactics to alter or create behaviors that have a positive effect on the targeted individuals or society as a whole. A. Social marketing B. Consumer behavior C. Regulation D. Proactive marketing E. Ethical marketing Difficulty: moderate 9. (p. 10)  Mia is concerned how her marketing activities will affect individual consumers as well as society at large. Mia is implementing _____. A. conscientious marketing B. regulated marketing C. ethical marketing D. proactive marketing E. social marketing Difficulty: moderate 10. (p. 10)  Most economically developed societies are legitimately referred to as _____ societies. A. marketing B. proactive C. consumption D. competitive E. enhanced Difficulty: moderate 11. (p. 11)  Which of the following is used by firms to influence consumers? A. ads B. packages C. store environments D. sales pitches E. all of the above Difficulty: easy 12. (p. 11)  To survive in a competitive environment, an organization must provide its target customers more _____ than is provided to them by its competition. A. product B. service C. value D. feedback E. attention Difficulty: moderate 13. (p. 11)  The difference between all the benefits derived from a total product and all the costs of acquiring those benefits is known as _____. A. price B. position C. consumer behavior D. customer value E. equity Difficulty: moderate 14. (p. 11)  Laurie saved for six months to have enough money to buy a new designer outfit to wear to a special party. She had to travel to a larger city to purchase this outfit, but it was worth it to her because it made her feel beautiful and confident. The difference between the benefits Laurie perceived from this purchase and the cost to her to acquire these benefits describes her _____. A. consumer behavior B. customer value C. motivation D. equity difference E. perceptual field Difficulty: hard 15. (p. 11)  It is critical that a firm consider value from which perspective? A. the competition’s B. the firm’s C. the customer’s D. the government’s E. the industry’s Difficulty: easy 16. (p. 11)  How can an organization provide superior customer value to customers? A. by conducting market research B. by offering their products at the lowest price C. y offering extended warranty coverage on products D. by doing a better job of anticipating and reacting to customer needs than the competition does E. by offering more variations of a product Difficulty: hard 17. (p. 11)  Marketing strategy begins with _____. A. market segmentation B. targeting C. conducting an outcomes assessment D. objective setti ng E. conducting a market analysis Difficulty: moderate 18. (p. 11)  Harold is tasked with developing the marketing strategy for his family’s business. What should he do first? A. segment the market B. conduct a market analysis C. decide on which segments to target D. evelop the marketing mix E. set objectives Difficulty: moderate 19. (p. 12)  Marketing strategy is formulated in terms of the marketing mix; that is, it involves determining the product, features, price, communications, distribution, and services that will provide customers with superior value. This entire set of characteristics is often referred to as the _____. A. total product B. customer value C. offering D. value proposition E. total value Difficulty: moderate 20. (p. 13)  Disney World in Orlando, FL has several theme parks, resorts, restaurants, and stores. Each is intentionally created to offer a memorable event for visitors. For example, the Wilderness Lodge is a large resort hotel on the grounds, and everything within it is made to look like log cabins and pioneer days. Even the casual restaurant has the wait staff dressed in pioneer costumes, and they put on funny little skits when they are waiting on customers. Which of the following best describes what Disney is selling? A. a product B. a service C. a bundled product D. a bundled service E. an experience Difficulty: hard 21. (p. 14)  _____ are small, convenient, open-air retailing complexes laid out to evoke the small-town shopping districts of previous generations. A. Malls B. Kiosks C. Town centers D. Lifestyle centers E. Micro-malls Difficulty: hard 22. (p. 14-16)  Which of the following is a component of a market analysis? A. market segmentation B. objectives C. conditions D. price E. all of the above Difficulty: moderate 23. (p. 14-16)  Darren is conducting a market analysis for his business, and he has asked your advice on what he should be analyzing. Which of the following should he consider at this step of marketing strategy development? A. the company’s own ability to meet customer needs B. competitors’ capabilities and strategies C. consumers’ needs D. conditions in the market E. all of the above Difficulty: moderate 4. (p. 14)  Jamie is developing a thorough understanding of his company’s own capabilities, the capabilities of current and future competitors, the consumption process of potential customers, and the economic, physical, and technological environment in which these elements interact. Which step in the marketing strategy proc ess is Jamie performing? A. setting objectives B. segmenting the market C. conducting a market analysis D. assessing the outcomes E. targeting the market Difficulty: moderate 25. (p. 15)  Which of the following aspects is evaluated when determining a firm’s ability to meet customer needs? A. financial condition B. general managerial skills C. production capabilities D. technological sophistication E. all of the above Difficulty: easy 26. (p. 15)  Which of the following is NOT evaluated when analyzing a company’s own ability to meet customer needs? A. competitors B. financial strengths C. general managerial skills D. production capabilities E. reputation Difficulty: moderate 27. (p. 15)  As part of developing your company’s marketing strategy, you are tasked with analyzing the new-product capabilities, channel strength, advertising abilities, service capabilities, marketing research abilities, and market and consumer knowledge. Which aspect of your company’s capabilities are you assessing? A. financial strength B. marketing skills C. general managerial skills D. production capabilities E. reputation Difficulty: easy 28. (p. 16)  A portion of a larger market whose needs differ somewhat from the larger market is referred to as a(n) _____. A. market segment B. niche C. subgroup D. ancillary market E. secondary market Difficulty: moderate 29. (p. 16)  Smaller women like to purchase fashionable clothes just as much as any women. However, most clothes are not proportioned for their smaller size and do not fit well. As a result, several manufacturers offer â€Å"petite† sizes of clothing for this group of consumers. Women who comprise this group have needs that differ somewhat from the total market and represent a _____. A. demographic segment B. lifestyle segment C. market potential D. sub-market E. market segment Difficulty: hard 30. (p. 16)  Tracking consumers’ online activity and delivering specific banner ads based on that activity is known as _____. A. clickstream B. blogging C. spam D. behavioral targeting E. electronic targeting Difficulty: moderate 31. (p. 6)  Tacoda Systems tracks consumers’ online activity and delivers specific banners based on that activity. This tracking and ad delivery system has been installed on almost 3,000 Web sites, and advertisers pay on a pay-for-performance basis, which means that advertisers pay Tacoda Systems only when a consumer clicks on their ad. The tracking of online activity and delivery of ads based on that activity is call ed _____. A. click-throughs B. behavioral targeting C. spamming D. blogging E. cookie targeting Difficulty: hard 32. (p. 16)  What is the first step in market segmentation? A. escribe each group B. group customers with similar needs sets C. identify product-related need sets D. select an attractive segment to serve E. set objectives for segmenting Difficulty: moderate 33. (p. 16)  What is the LAST step in market segmentation? A. describing each group B. selecting an attractive segment(s) to serve C. identifying product-related need sets D. grouping customers with similar need sets E. deciding the segmenting scheme Difficulty: moderate 34. (p. 16)  Which of the following is NOT a step in market segmentation? A. set budget B. identify product-related need sets C. roup customers with similar need sets D. describe each group E. select an attractive segment(s) to serve Difficulty: hard 35. (p. 16)  Carlos is attempting to segment the market for his company’s products. Wher e should he begin? A. set objectives B. identify product-related need sets C. group customers with similar need sets D. describe each group E. selecting an attractive segment(s) to serve Difficulty: hard 36. (p. 16)  Which term reflects the fact that most products in developed economies satisfy more than one need? A. multiplicity B. duplicity C. need array D. need set E. value proposition Difficulty: moderate 37. (p. 16-17)  Barry is looking for a car that is dependable yet stylish enough to let others know that he has achieved a respectable status in his life and career. He also wants it to be a high-performance automobile. Dependability, status, and performance represent Barry’s _____. A. self-image B. need set C. alter ego D. unarticulated needs E. lifestyle Difficulty: hard 38. (p. 18)  Which of the following is used to describe a group of consumers with similar needs sets? A. demographics B. lifestyles C. media usage D. a and b E. a, b, and c Difficulty: moderate 39. (p. 8)  Talbot’s is a women’s clothing store that offers classic fashions at a slightly premium price (i. e. , a wool skirt typically costs over $100). During the process of market segmentation, Talbot’s identified a group of consumers who are larger than average women yet still want stylish clothing. Further research into this segment revealed that these women tend to be between the ages of 35 and 50, are career-oriented, have a household income over $50,000, and are married with children under the age of 18 living at home. This group is also heavy users of magazines and newspapers as well as prime-time television. Which step of market segmentation does this describe? A. identifying product-related need sets B. grouping customer with similar need sets C. describing each group D. selecting an attractive segment(s) to serve E. profiling current customers Difficulty: moderate 40. (p. 18)  The segment(s) within the larger market on which an organization will focus its marketing effort is referred to as the _____. A. need set B. target market C. customer set D. strategic market E. primary market Difficulty: easy 41. (p. 18)  JJ Produce is a distributor of fresh produce. They conducted a thorough analysis of its market and identified groups of consumers that had similar product-related needs. One particular market identified wanted fresh and unique produce, such as Swiss chard, radicchio, and exotic fruits, and they were willing to pay higher prices for these choices. JJ Produce decided to focus its marketing effort on this segment of the total market. This segment is JJ’s _____. A. need set B. primary market C. customer set D. target market E. market focus Difficulty: moderate 42. (p. 18-19)  Which of the following is used to evaluate the attractiveness of various market segments? A. segment size B. distribution available C. fit with company image D. cost to serve E. all of the above Difficulty: easy 43. (p. 18-19)  Juan has segmented the market for boats and is currently analyzing each with respect to several factors, such as size, growth rate, competitor strength, fit with company image, distribution available, cost to serve, and risk before deciding which segment to target. Which step of market segmentation is Juan conducting? A. identifying product-related need sets B. grouping customer with similar need sets C. describing each group D. selecting an attractive segment(s) to serve E. rofiling current customers Difficulty: hard 44. (p. 19)  The product, price, communications, distribution, and services provided to the target market is referred to as the _____. A. need set B. marketing mix C. marketing set D. decision set E. value proposition Difficulty: easy 45. (p. 19)  Which of the following is part of the marketing mix? A. product B. price C. commun ications D. distribution E. all of the above Difficulty: easy 46. (p. 19)  A(n) _____ is anything a consumer acquires or might acquire to meet a perceived need. A. satisfier B. end state C. product D. value proposition E. outcome Difficulty: moderate 7. (p. 20)  To be successful, a product must _____. A. meet the needs of the target market better than the competition does B. be lower priced than competitors’ products C. be of higher quality than competitors’ products D. be advertised more than competitors’ products E. have greater distribution than the competition does Difficulty: easy 48. (p. 20)  _____ include(s) advertising, the sales force, public relations, packaging, and any other signal that the firm provides about itself and its products. A. Value promotions B. Brand equity C. Distribution D. Market segmentation E. Marketing communications Difficulty: easy 9. (p. 20)  Which of the following is included in marketing communications? A. advertising B. sales force C. public relations D. packaging E. all of the above Difficulty: easy 50. (p. 20-21)  Which of the following is NOT a critical question for developing marketing communications? A. Who do we want to communicate with? B. What effect do we want to have? C. What message will achieve the desired result? D. What media should we use? E. all of the above are critical questions Difficulty: moderate 51. (p. 21)  _____ is the amount of money one must pay to obtain the right to use the product. A. Consumer cost B. Total cost C. Price D. Value E. Customer value Difficulty: easy 52. (p. 21)  Amy purchased a new 32†³ LCD high-definition television and paid $1,999 for it. This amount of money Amy had to pay to obtain this product is known as the _____. A. total cost B. value C. value proposition D. price E. consumer cost Difficulty: moderate 53. (p. 22)  _____ is everything the consumer must surrender in order to receive the benefits of owning/using the product. A. Value B. Consumer cost C. Price D. Opportunity cost E. Value proposition Difficulty: moderate 54. (p. 22)  Timothy and his wife are considering the purchase of a new car. In addition to the price, they are also considering the cost of insurance, gasoline, maintenance, finance charges, and license fees. All of these factors combined represent the _____. A. value B. price C. opportunity cost D. consumer cost E. value proposition Difficulty: moderate 55. (p. 22)  Which element of the marketing mix is concerned with having the product available where target customers can buy it? A. product B. price C. distribution D. communications E. placement Difficulty: easy 56. (p. 22)  Tony’s job entails making sure his company’s products get to retailers so that target customers can buy them. Which element of the marketing mix is Tony involved with? A. product B. price C. distribution D. communications E. placement Difficulty: moderate 57. (p. 22)  Auxiliary or peripheral activities that are performed to enhance the primary product or primary service is referred to as _____. A. service B. supplemental product C. intangible benefits D. secondary product E. ancillary attributes Difficulty: moderate 58. (p. 23)  Which of the following is NOT considered one of the firm’s outcomes of the marketing strategy and consumer behavior process? A. product position B. customer satisfaction C. service How to cite Consumer Behavior, Essay examples

The characters and plot of Frankenstein reflect Shelleys conflicted feelings about the masculine circle which surrounded her Essay Example For Students

The characters and plot of Frankenstein reflect Shelleys conflicted feelings about the masculine circle which surrounded her Essay Shelley began writing Frankenstein in the company of what has been called her male coterie, including her lover Percy Shelley, Lord Byron and his physician John Polidori. It has been suggested that the influence of this group, and particularly that of Shelley and Byron, affected her portrayal of male characters in the novel. As Ann Campbell writes: characters and plot of Frankenstein reflect . . . Shelleys conflicted feelings about the masculine circle which surrounded her. Certainly the male characters in Frankenstein are more developed that those of the females. Elizabeth Fay has suggested that the female characters are idealised figures in much of Shelleys work, particularly in the descriptions of Caroline and Elizabeth, the two mother figures in the novel. Caroline is, on surface value, a perfect parent, together with her husband, which renders Victors irresponsibility in abandoning the creature more unforgivable. She possessed a mind of uncommon mould which was also soft and benevolent; she is compared to a fair exotic flower which is sheltered by Alphonse; she drew inexhaustible stores of affection from a very mine of love to bestow on Victor, and her tender caresses are some of his first recollections. She is the idealised mother, a figure that Shelley viewed wistfully, as her own mother died when she was ten days old to be replaced by a disinterested stepmother. We will write a custom essay on The characters and plot of Frankenstein reflect Shelleys conflicted feelings about the masculine circle which surrounded her specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Carolines parenting provides the care that Frankenstein might well have lacked, had he been left to his father alone à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" his father dismisses Agrippas work without explanation, thereby setting Victor on his course towards destruction. This is the first introduction of a theme that continues throughout the book, that of the necessity for female figures in parenting and in society. Without a mother figure and left only with Frankenstein who subsumes both parental roles, the creatures life is blighted by his imperfection and lack of companionship. However, Caroline is also the trigger to Alfonses chivalry, thus presenting him in an improved light and allowing his character to develop at the expense of her own weakness. This is a feminist comment from Shelley, whose mother Mary Wollenstonecraft was a notorious feminist and an important influence. Justine, too, is an idealised figure, described during the trial as having a countenance which, always engaging, was rendered, by the solemnity of her feelings, exquisitely beautiful. She is the archetypal innocent, being beautiful, weak and entirely accepting of her fate to the point of martyrdom. She would doubtless incense feminists now, accepting death with equanimity I am resigned to the fate awaiting me at the hands of misjudging and dominant men. She is a somewhat two-dimensional character, being compliant in all things, enduring the mistreatment by her mother and not objecting to the injustice of her condemnation. In this sense she serves merely as a plot device, used to introduce the evil of the creature and to show Frankensteins cowardice in refusing to defend her in time. Here she is another feminine figure used to   further a male characters development, just as Caroline was used to develop the character of Alfonse. She is also a vehicle for Shelleys attack on the contemporary judiciary system, which explains her name. The character of Safie is used by Shelley as a direct attack on sexism. Safie is a stronger character than the other women in the novel, as she defies her father in escaping to join Felix. Shelley comments upon the state of bondage inflicted on females in Islamic society at the time, which Safie objects to, encouraged to aspire to the higher powers of intellect, and an independence of spirit by her mother. Shelley, in applauding this determination and self-respect on the part of women, is condemning a society which oppresses females and upholds males as superior. However, Safie is not merely used for this; she is also presented as a contrast to the creature, who is similarly separated from the De Laceys by a language barrier, but who can never be accepted by them because he lacks her angelic beauty. She is an example of mans intolerance towards ugliness, as her beauty transcends the barrier of language whereas the creatures benevolence cannot. .ucb78a0fdbff5a8c04c3e2800aff7d9eb , .ucb78a0fdbff5a8c04c3e2800aff7d9eb .postImageUrl , .ucb78a0fdbff5a8c04c3e2800aff7d9eb .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ucb78a0fdbff5a8c04c3e2800aff7d9eb , .ucb78a0fdbff5a8c04c3e2800aff7d9eb:hover , .ucb78a0fdbff5a8c04c3e2800aff7d9eb:visited , .ucb78a0fdbff5a8c04c3e2800aff7d9eb:active { border:0!important; } .ucb78a0fdbff5a8c04c3e2800aff7d9eb .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ucb78a0fdbff5a8c04c3e2800aff7d9eb { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ucb78a0fdbff5a8c04c3e2800aff7d9eb:active , .ucb78a0fdbff5a8c04c3e2800aff7d9eb:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ucb78a0fdbff5a8c04c3e2800aff7d9eb .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ucb78a0fdbff5a8c04c3e2800aff7d9eb .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ucb78a0fdbff5a8c04c3e2800aff7d9eb .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ucb78a0fdbff5a8c04c3e2800aff7d9eb .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ucb78a0fdbff5a8c04c3e2800aff7d9eb:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ucb78a0fdbff5a8c04c3e2800aff7d9eb .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ucb78a0fdbff5a8c04c3e2800aff7d9eb .ucb78a0fdbff5a8c04c3e2800aff7d9eb-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ucb78a0fdbff5a8c04c3e2800aff7d9eb:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: To Be Or Not To Be, Innit EssayElizabeth is the most idealised figure of all the women in the novel, afforded the following romantic description: The saintly soul of Elizabeth shone like a shrine-dedicated lamp in our peaceful home . . . her smile, her soft voice, the sweet glance of her celestial eyes, were ever there to bless and animate us. She was the living spirit of love to soften and attract. She is here made to transcend ordinary mortality to become celestial and saintly. This makes her death more appalling and triggers Victors active fury, whereas the suffering of the innocent Justine did not. The base murder of the living spirit of love can be said to be the creatures revenge against humankind, as the killing of something so natural and integral to humanity kills happiness with it. But whilst Elizabeth is assigned this pivotal role in the novel, she is in herself two-dimensional as a character, having no friends outside of the family and no interests save trifling occupations within the household. She is content to wait for Victor, despite his long absences and frequent and serious depressions. She is the idealised woman at the time of the novels setting, being submissive, supportive and beautiful. However, the character of Elizabeth can also serve a further purpose. It has been argued by several critics that Elizabeth is the creatures opposite, that she and he together make up Victor. She is his good half and the creature his bad. Both characters are orphans and heavily dependent on Victor. Elizabeth is beautiful, good and female, whereas the creature is ugly, evil and male. The blending of the two create Victor, who has robbed himself of gender by assuming both parental roles. It has been suggested by one critic that Victor has feminine characteristics, being sensitive, passionate about literature . . . and becom enamoured with voice and feelings. This theory can be supported, in that Victor attributes to Elizabeth the ability to subdue to a semblance of her own gentleness. By contrast, the creature unfailingly enrages Victor, causing him to lose self-control and become violent. Whilst the feminine roles are flat and manipulated to affect the character and actions of the male roles, the latter are considerably more defined. As Elizabeth Fay writes, Shelley shows the realistic weaknesses and frailties of men in the novel. Walton is presented as sexist and selfish, mocking his sisters fears for his safety in his opening sentence: You will rejoice to hear that no disaster has accompanied the commencement of an enterprise which you have regarded with such evil forebodings. Margaret is an unsatisfactory audience, as he desires a companion whose eyes would reply to . This companion must necessarily be male, for how could a female possibly communicate adequately with him? However, despite this wish for male companionship, Walton possesses certain feminine characteristics, such as his distaste for violence: . . . my best years spent under your gentle and feminine fosterage, has so refined the groundwork of my character that I cannot overcome an intense distaste to the usual brutality exercised on board ship. He writes adoringly of the strangers conciliating and gentle manners, unparalleled eloquence, nobility and cultivated mind. Waltons ambition to discover uncharted territories is arrogant, as he desires to acquire dominion . . . over the elemental foes of our race. He craves idolatry and power. Shelley introduces this here so that Waltons later failure towards the close of the novel is celebrated by the reader, who has understood that Victors arrogance has caused devastation, whereas Walton has paid little heed and is bitter in his failure. Shelley is commenting on the stupidity of male hubris, which she sensed in the scientific ambitions of Romantics such as her husband, as the critic James W. Maerten has suggested. Maerten writes also of Anthony Easthope, who has drawn: a circular fortress as a model of the . . . masculine ego. Ego . . . is entrapped in its own defences, unable to escape the barriers it has raised against a universe an enemy . . . The most praised . . . in our civilisation are those who can contain and control the most monstrous powers: biological pathogens, nuclear fission, toxic waste, vast armies. .uc77b0eff2f9c2f0d60c8fbaff24d457c , .uc77b0eff2f9c2f0d60c8fbaff24d457c .postImageUrl , .uc77b0eff2f9c2f0d60c8fbaff24d457c .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uc77b0eff2f9c2f0d60c8fbaff24d457c , .uc77b0eff2f9c2f0d60c8fbaff24d457c:hover , .uc77b0eff2f9c2f0d60c8fbaff24d457c:visited , .uc77b0eff2f9c2f0d60c8fbaff24d457c:active { border:0!important; } .uc77b0eff2f9c2f0d60c8fbaff24d457c .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uc77b0eff2f9c2f0d60c8fbaff24d457c { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uc77b0eff2f9c2f0d60c8fbaff24d457c:active , .uc77b0eff2f9c2f0d60c8fbaff24d457c:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uc77b0eff2f9c2f0d60c8fbaff24d457c .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uc77b0eff2f9c2f0d60c8fbaff24d457c .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uc77b0eff2f9c2f0d60c8fbaff24d457c .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uc77b0eff2f9c2f0d60c8fbaff24d457c .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uc77b0eff2f9c2f0d60c8fbaff24d457c:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uc77b0eff2f9c2f0d60c8fbaff24d457c .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uc77b0eff2f9c2f0d60c8fbaff24d457c .uc77b0eff2f9c2f0d60c8fbaff24d457c-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uc77b0eff2f9c2f0d60c8fbaff24d457c:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Irony: incongruity between the actual result of a sequence of events and the expected results EssaySuch Promethean desires are ultimately the illusions of Icarus. Victors ego causes him to desire a new species which would bless as its creator and source. He cannot control the monster that he creates, thereby losing his essential masculinity. His attempt to defy Nature and steal Gods power for himself is as fatal as Icarus stupidity in trying to do what man cannot. This male arrogance is introduced by Alphonse, who assumes the care of Caroline and renders her submissive in gratitude. The blatancy of the strong male and weak female roles here has been condemned by some, who suggest that the imposition of a male role on Victor is a form of filicide. This is responsible for his insecurity which in turn leads to his overreaching ego inflation. A critic has argued that: Victor Frankenstein is compulsively self-destructive, driven by forces he cannot recognise to create a son by his own efforts and without the troublesome involvement of a woman . . . he is horrified . . . nd rejects the creature totally, thereby turning the son into the very monster whose existence he has always denied in himself. It is possible to corroborate this view to some extent, as Victors feminine qualities conflict with his identity as a man. Shelley was concerned with the issue of gender, as in her novel The Last Man she created an essentially genderless character, Lionel Verney, and discussed how he only acknowledged his gender when he viewed himself in a mirror. His reflection told him that he was an English gentleman, but without this empirical perception he had no such identity. Elizabeth Fay writes of him that he is a feminised ideal, combining masculine and feminine traits in such a way as to confute traditional notions of gender. Robert W. Anderson writes that: Frankensteins creature embodies gender transgression on two levels . . . the first being status as being a surgically constructed male, the second being Victors non-gender transgression in co-opting the female trait of reproduction, transforming his laboratory into a virtual womb. The creature has no real gender, despite being created physically as a male. He is denied male dominance over females by Victor, who has made him too ugly to be accepted into human society and then destroys the female mate that he had partially made for him. The creature, like Victor, has feminine characteristics, being profoundly affected by literature and nature, and being sensitive to emotion. He is made male only so that there can be no sexual overtones in the relationship between himself and Victor, and the battle between them can be physical and violent as well as rhetorical. The absence of femininity in the making of the creature is its integral flaw. Despite all of Victors efforts to make the creature perfect, it will ultimately be ugly, because it is unnatural for a male alone to reproduce. Beauty cannot result of only masculinity. Shelley is condemning a single father in this. The death of her mother left her to the care of her father, whom she adored. He often neglected her, leaving her feeling unwanted. The lack of grief on the part of her husband as their babies died augmented this conviction in mens inability to care for children alone. This reinforces her message throughout the novel of the necessity for women in society. Shelley was forced to ask her husband to claim to be the author of the novel, as women were not accepted as writers at the time. Men alone in science and education are fallible, as she suggested in making Frankensteins experiment so disastrous. Therefore the oppression of women at the time was irrational and arrogant. Frankenstein represents flawed masculinity, as an example of a society without women. Shelley manipulated masculine and feminine gender identities in her novel to try and persuade her audience that men alone cannot create, whether it be children or art.

Free sample - Blue Sky Software Consulting firm. translation missing

Blue Sky Software Consulting firm. Blue Sky Software Consulting firmBlue Sky being a software firm need constant change of leadership role since the technology is moving very fast and require regular up grades on the existing systems to compete effectively in the market. When Blue was the CEO he control this firm autonomously with little support from the technical staff, this was not a bad idea since he was the initiator but after being in the field for some time change was inevitable so as to get new managerial skills to spear head the operations of the firm. Blue used to consult nobody in managing the firm not even the other executives in the various divisions. He had no strategic plan for the firm stating that that was his firm and knows how to manage it. This was a bogus belief in the ever-changing business world. There had to be no long-term plans like those that the one Susan Hubres is pushing for. Susan being the planning and marking director had to put in place measure that could see the firm through its’ past hardships. We have learnt that in the past there were no executive meetings to discuss on the way forward and make suggestions. For any company to succeed in this era there has to be proper planning and the planning cannot be bestowed on one individual. Every department has its own problems, which need to be solved differently through discussions to get a wide field of ideas rather than relying on one person who can make mistakes. In addition, the other problem that faced Blue sky is the unbalanced distribution of works. The regional directors are young and new in the technical filed while the other side has those who have overstayed in the firm with many experiences in handling technical problems. This major problem needs to be solved by reshuffling them so that you get a balanced work force. Also the fact that older employees are almost retiring, they are less reluctant to expand the firm, if the problem is not solved now so that the younger directors get experience in future the firm might lack coordination due to lack of technical knowledge. Looking at various divisions of the firm they are managed differ ently, since this is a single business the structure of leadership should be centralized so that everything is coordinated from a central point and the new personnel should be motivated to be aggressive and expand the company. To achieve maximum potential of a worker little incentives can do the trick. Appreciating their contribution to the organization makes them loyal and team up together towards achieving their goals. In the past Blue Sky have not been doing much on this line though there was promotions based on individuals skills. This was good but to attain uniform development all the employees need to be motivated regardless of their positions in the company. Those who are doing manual work have a role of ensuring the firm’s image is maintained just like the CEO and directors. Taking them for retreats just as Susan suggested is a way of motivating them and they will interact amicable outside work places and build strong understanding of each other hence uplifting the company’s goals to greater extent. In addition, motivation can be done by setting targets and whoever achieves that he/she is given something on top of basic salary. In the past Blue sky give its’ employees retirement benefits as motivation and this actually maintained and make the teamwork extra hard to meet targets of the firm. Apart from that medical and insurance cover should also be introduce to motivate them even further. The strategic plan is in the process of changing and decision-making is now done by all the CEO and directors in board meetings. This is a positive change because everyone is looking forward to achieving the company’s objectives, which will in the end benefit them financially. In fact, they are overseeing ways of reducing costs and increasing profits. Employees have been encouraged to be aggressive and venture into new markets to serve more clients. Also due to competition from the Indian’s firms they have put in place mechanisms of approaching that and even plan to hire a specialist to look for more ventures that can promote the industry.   Blue Sky Company had the problems of poor coordination of its divisions and prior knowledge of ever changing market demands. For this to be solved there, should be a clear structure of managerial duties stating well the roles of each individual and put an outline on the flow of information. This can be done well if the firm set up policies and strategies on how to implement them. All policies and strategies should be tabled before a technical panel to discuss on them and make amendments before implementation. Following the theory of contingency there must be well coordination of all activities so that targets are achieved and the progress of each division must be assessed regularly to determine their position and potentials. The SWOT analysis should also be carried out to establish a good working environment and set up the team spirit necessary for the business growth.

Iceland education. Learning in Scandinavia

Iceland education. Learning in Scandinavia Art disciplines in Iceland There are a few institutions in Iceland that provide a classical art education, which is ideal for degree seekers, music fans and theater lovers alike. Here is the list of the most popular establishments, focused on art and art disciplines, which will allow you to receive an international diploma. Iceland Academy of the Arts. To apply to Iceland Academy of the Arts, you have to be a top student with excellent grades. After you finish secondary school, you can write a motivation letter to the application center and see if your ranking is enough to pass. Later, they allow you to enroll with the equivalent of the same program. You can study music, architecture, dance, design and theater, and engage in music lessons, as Iceland Academy is known for its variety of creative classes. They are all shaped to fit your busy schedule, and you can combine studying modern dance with architectural styles. Akureyri School of Visual Arts. Those who seek to get a diploma in fine arts in Akureyri, must first complete the 180 units of training. Then, you proceed to the next stage of the program, where you are given a choice to pick a course in free arts. The diversity of the subjects will make your jaw drop: you can be a photographer, a designer, an oil painter, a graphic modeler or a scientist, engaged in professional writing, depending on your majors. You will receive a diploma after three years of studying, and the list of subjects that have to be included in the examination program is moderate. For all we know, Akureyri School of Visual Arts is famous for its flexible schedule and elective courses, which are not compulsory, in contrast with other universities of the same range. The Reykjavik School of Visual Arts. This is not a typical school you expect to encounter when you apply for a course. It provides art education for adults, students and children, who wish to learn the basics of design. The school offers a course in three main subjects. These are shaping, sketching and drawing. Everyone who wants additional classes, can apply for another program, which includes all three disciplines combined. If you don’t have the opportunity to study full-time, Reykjavik School of Visual Arts can help you with that, tailoring a schedule that is personal, and assisting you with exam preparation. Part-time employees can also attend group meetings to discuss the course subjects, and make changes to the semester program, if necessary. These meetings have a cognitive purpose, too, as students explore the variety of the school’s community and unite with the class. Interestingly, Reykjavik School of Visual Arts learned how to combine national traditions with European values, providing students with a spectrum of activities that keep them motivated and enthusiastic about the upcoming semester. This is done in order to maintain Iceland culture and develop new ways of communication between learners, who didn’t have an opportunity to explore Reykjavik before. As a student, you can choose the ceramic artist study program, adding subjects of your liking to the schedule and earning grades. The Agricultural University of Iceland. This university is a Mecca for future designers in agriculture, as it offers a course in Landscape Planning and Architecture. More importantly, if you don’t know Scandinavian languages well enough to immerse in the educational process, you can take the program in English, and receive a diploma after three years of study. More than 100 credits are given to the learners at the university, and it is a full-time program, which requires a certain knowledge of graphic design and agriculture.

Managing teams effectively Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Managing teams effectively - Essay Example Hence, team leadership essentially involves the talent and the ability to deal with all forms of members in a team, be it the slackers or an obstructionist. As per the existing knowledge and theories of team management, the best way to deal with a slacker or an obstructionist is to follow a mixed approach, which aims at confronting the inherent propensities of such people, to bring them out into the open, while accompanied by soft tactics like acknowledging one’s best qualities and by motivating one to contribute to team effort (Holpp, 1998). Such a hot and cold approach towards the personality types under consideration is bound to yield the desired results, because of its moderation and versatility (Holpp, 1998). A slacker shirks responsibility or work does not mean that one is devoid of talent, skills, insight or aptitude. So, simply speaking, a slacker stands to be a potential asset for a team if somehow one figures out a way to make one work (Holpp, 1988). Usually a slacker tends to avoid or by pass responsibility because one has a perception that the other team members are not consciously aware of one’s tactics of or predilection for doing so (Holpp, 1998). So the most effective way to disarm a slacker is to confront one and make one realize that the others are well cognizant of one’s talent for shirking work. However, confrontation here does not connote to aggressive or brazen interactions. In fact it means making a slacker realize that in a friendly and decent way, while giving one a chance to save face. A slacker is a talented person who cheats on work, and once one realizes that others are well aware of one’s propensity to cheat, one will certainly avoid repeatin g such a behavior, at least conspicuously (Holpp, 1998). Bringing things out into the open should be accompanied by meaningful soft strategies like defining the job responsibility of a slacker, appreciating one for one’s abilities and the immense

Do we need government If so, what should be its role Essay

Do we need government If so, what should be its role - Essay Example The most significant part of the economy stability is the Fiscal responsibility. Debts of the government can easily be an economy burden and make its foundations weak. Sound microeconomic policies improve the government credibility and strengthen the institutions of politics. Therefore, the government has a responsibility in stabilizing the economy. Government acts as policymakers in the role of gaining a stable economic environment for growth in economics. It defends and enforces property rights, maintain currency stability and give an oversight assurance to private citizens on accountability of their transaction partners. Therefore, it allows the participants in the market to start placing their resources again to work in most beneficial areas (Atkinson, 1997). The economy performs with a massive and increasing the amount of regulation. The appointed regulators introduce price controls mainly in most utilities like electricity, telecommunication and gas (Barr, 2004). Economists of free markets criticize the control scales in the economy saying that it forms unnecessary costs burdens for businesses. Therefore, regulation can impose new competition in the market. For example, attempt to impose competition for the British Telecom. President Barack Obama responsibility on Fiscal last February showed his understanding on the need of Fiscal discipline. The president’s proposed budget and Congress enactment of Reinvestment Act and the American recovery make the goal of a budget that is sustainable (Geoft, 2013). It also addresses long-termed nation’s fiscal priorities like liabilities entitlement, even vaguer. The government controls the country debt deficit to stabilize the economy. Large deficit can lead to instability of prices and inflation if it finances the deficit through printing money. Inflation is as a result of depreciation of the currency that makes goods from foreign countries more expensive. Hence, it results to