The Benefits Of Music Education Education Essay

The Benefits Of Music Education Essay Envision yourself getting up toward the beginning of the day to your iHome playing a tune from one of your preferred playlists. While you are getting a shower, setting yourself up for the afternoon, you begin to sing a tune that has been latched onto your subconscious mind for a considerable length of time. As you are heading to class, your preferred radio broadcast plays a persistent set rundown of the famous melodies by your preferred craftsman that you appreciate tuning in to such an extent. You and your companion both get together to discuss how often you both have tuned in to the new Lady Gaga single. In light of your basic enthusiasm for music with your closest companions, during a free period all you can talk about is music and what your main tunes are. Indeed, even while you are leaving school later on that evening, your preferred station is playing one more raving success. Something that is exceptionally fundamental to ordinary lift must be comprehended, and used, as much of the time as could reasonably be expected. The constructive outcomes of instrumental preparing just as aural preparing, in the more youthful age, have been generally acclaimed. In this manner, these segments to a people advancement ought to be conveyed all through all degrees of optional instruction so as to offer a balanced creative and melodic thankfulness that will be of extraordinary assistant to the understudy during their current lives and proceeding through later adulthood. Out of the expressive arts programs, music instruction is generally helpful to all parts of a people improvement and ought to be made accessible to students.In request for an understudy to genuinely appreciate the estimation of exact melodic preparing in the optional degrees of training, the few advantages of this particular preparing must be first settled. Music instruction is an imaginative outlet for youths to be enthusiastic, passionate and sincere. Music is a path for understudies to communicate, and in a more prominent center, the passionate advantages that it accommodates them. Numerous youths utilized music as their inventive outlet from the scholastic and social weights of center and secondary school life alongside the additional pressure and weight brought about by home life and family authority. Music is a statement of the heart (Girl, age 15), Music is magnificent! That is the thing that causes my reality to go round! (Young lady, age 13), and the yelled message I LOVE MU SIC. ITS A WAY TO EXPRESS MYSELF! (Kid, age 14) were all discourses taken from papers on music and what it intends to the understudies. (MENC 6). The general idea that had developed was that the specialty of music instruction gives understudies the opportunity to simply be what their identity is, regardless of whether that will be extraordinary, be an individual they had no clue they could become, to be acknowledged and feel calm and tranquil in school and through their regular day to day existences (MENC 7). Understudies have noted in scholarly articles that music was a more noteworthy wellspring of a get-a-path for them. A common answer originated from a young lady who expressed When I am irate or everything appears as though its turning wild, I compose a tune. It quiets me down and gets my emotions out. With respect to another understudy who expressed that The main path for most adolescents to communicate their anger㠢â‚ ¬Ã¢ ¦ in a peaceful manner is through music. Music likewise can go about as a way of dealing with stress for an immature who is managing the weights of society, family life, and the parts of fellowship s and economic wellbeing. Tune verses are acknowledged as a message that go about as an expectation, that you do you not have to feel alone in light of the fact that individuals have encountered the agony and battles that you are feeling. Understudies have composed and clarified that music was an extraordinary factor of adapting for them, and without it being available in their battles, it would not of been conceivable to persevere through the battles and deterrents of the high school life. Just as the passionate advantages which music brings to the table to youngsters, it additionally has social advantages which are fundamental for social cooperation and impact of friend pressure.Secondary understudies, who took an interest in band or symphony, revealed the most reduced lifetime and current utilization all things considered (liquor, tobacco, unlawful medications.) (CMW 1). On a similar side, the MENC bulletin additionally expressed that Students talked about musics social advantages according to its capacity as an interruption from contribution in fake movement, for example, drugs, liquor, smoking (cigarettes), group life, and indiscriminate sex-in their own lives or in the lives of young people in general.(MENC 8). Music impacts youngsters and furthermore can prevent adolescents from self-destructive inclinations, by permitting the artists and instrumentalists significance in their young lives. Being engaged with symphony, band or even ensemble, furnishes understudies with the methods for connecting and meeting new individuals, alongside making new and enduring kinships. Being associated with melodic gatherings permits an individual to step outside their usual range of familiarity and connect with new individuals. It likewise empowers an understudy to have a sense of safety inside the gathering. Pictures of families have been decided to delineate this sentiment of security that they were understanding as the consequence of participating in the melodic gatherings at their school including: band, symphony or ensemble. Alongside the various advantages that music furnishes a youthful with, it likewise affects how a people knowledge and advancement is influenced. The subject of Can music make us increasingly astute, is being investigated in a progression of continuous analyses under the oversight of Frances Rauscher of the University of California, Irvine. In 1993, it was noticed that, as opposed to understudies who just sat peacefully or tuned in to unwinding guidelines, thirty six undergrads who tuned in to just ten minutes of Mozarts Piano Sonata K.448 progressively encountered a considerable development in their spatial IQ scores. Another investigation was led later on this year, utilizing seventy nine understudies and extra test circumstances, which affirmed that the Mozart Effect is no ifs, ands or buts a genuine wonder. A year ago, a pilot study was led by a gathering of analysts where a gathering of multi year old youngsters were given music preparing, regardless of whether it was singing or console exercises. The scores of every individual youngster improved fundamentally on the Objects Assembly Task, which was an area of the Weschler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence-Revised that could gauge the spatial thinking of a kid. As indicated by the outcomes which were found at the American Psychological Associations yearly show, it was accounted for that the aftereffects of a subsequent examination which inferred that the spatial thinking execution of nineteen preschool youngsters who got eighteen months of music exercises significantly surpassed that of a similar gathering of fifteen preschool kids who didn't get music exercises (Rauscher 1). Since it draws on different qualities, music creates adaptability in speculation. Music preparing is an extremely viable way, not exclusively to support the reasonable all encompassing inventive reasoning procedure, yet to likewise aid the merging and converging of the brains capacities. Albeit most melodic abilities appear t o be spoken to at first in the correct side of the equator of the cerebrum, as an individual turns out to be progressively talented, capacities that were put away in the correct half of the globe are found progressively in the left. (Ponter 112). Music is an entirely observable resource in the lives of the young, and they value its viability in driving the course of their every day schedules, alongside their drawn out expectations and dreams. During a free-progression of thoughts, understudies in American optional school composed into their expositions their individual impressions of musics jobs and implications for them in their scholastic examinations at school and in their inclusion past school, as entertainers as well as authors and audience members too. (MENC 11). A portion of these understudies composed with refined jargon, while others composed as though they were conversing with a companion through a casual visit application. Every understudy depicted music as an information zone and a tremendous arrangement of aptitudes that unite their notational education, listening mindfulness, engine capacity, eye-hand coordination, and balanced hold of musics significance previously and in the public eye. (MENC 11). The presenta tion aptitudes of instrumental and vocal nature, were portrayed as objectives to be accomplished by melodic investigation, and the feeling of accomplishment and prevalence that music training had given understudies, permitted them to advance their abilities while playing out a different scope of melodic collection and focusing on the score, melodically as well as elaborately also. As indicated by expositions that were directed in American optional schools, understudies want more investigation of their predetermined territory that is relevant to their requirements, premiums, and suitable practice spaces. In any case, a couple of similar understudies additionally expounded adversely on their feelings, while some spoke enthusiastically of their needs of increasingly melodic examination in school, absence of legitimate practice space, suitable practice time, and instruments that could be made accessible for use. Understudies are exceptionally specific with regards to the extracurricular exercises which they are associated with. A few understudies like to be engaged with things that are valuable to them and not simply exercises that won't help them in their lives. A portion of these understudies are wavering of the schools music programs, having once partaken in different instrumental and vocal troupes, however dropped them, would like to have curricular advancements in the investigation of well known music styles, including rock or popular music outfits which could be educated by music educators and expert performers. For these understudies, the run of the mill jazz troupe was just not cutting it for them. Indeed, even inside the extent of what ought to have been a solicitation to young people to portray the great resources of school music programs that ought not be BAN-ned, these projects may not yet be completely in contact with the necessities of a

Election Reform Amendment Essay -- Campaign Finance Reform, Super PACs

Presentation: In the last political decision cycle, 132 Americans represented 60% of all the Super Political Action Committees’ (PACs) cash (Lessig 2013). With measurements like this, it is no big surprise the normal American doesn't feel just as their vote is significant. In the plan of the debasement of political cash, it really isn’t. In the present American method of government races, the normal resident doesn't pick the up-and-comer; the individual just has the chance to translate which best accommodates their convictions, out of the ones recommended by the enormous political race givers. Since this is the thing that a citizen’s vote at present chooses, numerous Americans feel they are picking the lesser of two wrongs while choosing an up-and-comer. It is not necessarily the case that every chosen official are insidious, it just affirms that residents are not getting the voice they are guaranteed in the Constitution. After quite a long time after year officeholders are reappointed, however the endorsement rating of Congress is lower than root waterways and head lice (Jensen, 2013). In the 2002 Congressional races, 94% of the competitors who collected the most cash won their races (Ackerman and Ayres, 2002). At the point when these measurements are seen together, they don't bode well. For what reason would disliked officeholders hold their seat in office? The main clarification is subsidizing, and the pattern has consistently been that the competitor with the most supports wins; most strikingly with occupants in Congress. Up-and-comers are not all to fault for this incident, a lot of the issue can be credited to the manner in which the framework has been set up. Rather than applicants concentrating on key premiums, they center around what will permit them to gain the most cash. As Leslie Byrne, previous agent from Virginia, was told when coming into ... ...nce (2013). Lester Land: The Corruption of Congress and How to End It. TED Conferences. McPhail, Stuart (2013). A Million Corporations With a Million Campaign Ads: Citizens United, the People’s Rights Amendment, and the Speech of Non-Persons Retrieved from http://works.bepress.com/stuart_mcphail/1 Nichols, John, and Robert McChesney (2013). Dollarocracy: How the Money-and-media Election Complex Is Destroying America. New York City: Nation Books. O’Donnell, Ryan (2013). Backing for Amending the Constitution to Overturn Citizens United is One-Third of the Way There. Free Speech for People Organization. Recovered from http://freespeechforpeople.org/hub/601 Page, Susan (2012). Why 90 Million Americans Won't Vote in November. USATODAY.COM. USA Today. Recovered from http://usatoday30.usatoday.com/news/governmental issues/story/2012-08-15/non-voters-obama-romney/57055184/1.

Wearing the apron

Wearing the apron One of the greatest parts of college is independence. One of the hardest parts of college is independence. High school is very structured. Same classes, same classmates, everyone is doing the same assignments and studying for the same tests. Your schedule is like the food trays in the cafeteria- you don’t have much of a say as to what goes on it. SAT Prep Pizza, maybe an AP Apple, a Boxed Mik of a Basic Language, and a Common Core Cookie to top it off. Yum. College is when they stuff you in a chef’s apron and tell you it’s time you learn to make your own lunch. You’ll always have someone to advise you, because let’s be real, if they just left you alone in the kitchen you’d probably burn the place down. But in the end, you’re the one planning the final course and gathering the ingredients. Your likes and dislikes are now taken into account. If you love biology, you can sprinkle in some more bio. If you want to be an engineer, but focus more on technology for the developing world, you can do that. In the end, you get a finished product that is just the way that you like it. A cool side product of all this ~independence~ is that there are a thousand people around you busily making their own special dishes, and you’re all working in the same (very large) kitchen. Maybe you’re busy whipping up some Management Science Soup, but the student next to you is putting the final details on a Computer Science Cake. You can ask about her recipe, admire her masterpiece. Maybe theres an aerospace engineer sitting to the other side. You can ask him how he’s freeze drying that fruit salad.   Everyone around you is just as passionate about something as you are, and now they all have a chance to follow those passions, too.   (My personal favorite is to hear the chemical engineers and economics majors talk about their studies. Not sure what it is about courses 10 and 14, but its always a good time.) The natural problem with having so much freedom is sometimes it’s hard to choose: “I really like a good pasta dish, but I also think I might like taco salad. How do I pick just one?” Or maybe, “I’ve put two years into this soufflé, but I don’t think I’m into it anymore”. I’ve been fortunate in that I sort of spontaneously decided to be MechE (course 2) and it’s worked out so far. I was pretty indecisive my freshman year because I felt like I had a wide range of interests, so I was reassured by the flexibility of mechanical engineering. If courses were dinners and classes were ingredients, course 2 would be a stir-fry- you can throw pretty much anything into the pan and it’s probably going to turn out just fine. *whew* okay I’m going to take a break from the weird food analogy for now. (Sidenote: if by now you’re fully sold on this idea that going to college is like being on Food Network, an MIT education is the equivalent of a Cutthroat Kitchen episode where youve just been told you have to finish your seven problem pset course meal blindfolded, and with nothing but a single spatula (Okay, now I’m actually done)). What really i nspired this post was when I looked at the shelf above my desk and realized realized how much machine shop paraphernalia and miscellaneous prototypes Ive accumulated: Including (from left-ish to right-ish): Lantern, flashlight, paperweight, 3D printing mistake (which I keep as a reminder that good bed adhesion is crucial), another lamp-like project, and my first piece on a lathe. Not including: my robot, which fought valiantly but did not make it out of the 2.007 final competition intact. Rip. It hit me that I never in a million years could have predicted this when I stepped on campus three years ago. Way back then, I had no idea what I wanted to major in, but I knew that the only course that 100% didn’t interest me wascourse 2. Funny how that worked out. There were a lot of small occurrences that sort of added up to me changing my mind.   One was the simple fact that I had a long time to explore before I decided on a major (fun fact: MIT students dont declare until freshman spring, and you can still switch around for another year or so after. ~independence~). However, the tipping point was IAP of my first year. I had a UROP in a materials science lab (which I thought was going to be my major), and one of my jobs was to make what were essentially chunks of plastic so they could later be melted down and drawn into fibers. My grad student had shown me the basics of how the 3D printer operated so I could maintenance it when it got jammed, and how some of the code behind the controls made it run . It was the first time I had looked at something that complicated and sort of maybe understood a bit of how it worked. Before when I looked at a 3D printer, all I saw was a semi-magical tangle of wires and “science” , and I didn’t care to learn more because I didn’t think it was possible for me to understand. By the end of the UROP, I realized that not only had I started to pick up on some of the “magic”, I really really really enjoyed it. The feeling of excitement hasn’t worn off yet. The engineering classes I’ve taken have literally changed the way I look at the world. After 2.001 (Mechanics and Materials I), I can’t see a crane without thinking of trusses and force-balances. 2.004 (Dynamics and Controls II) rears its head whenever theres cruise control button in a car, and most recently 2.008 (Design and Manufacturing II) has made me examine everything made of plastic to see if it shows signs of injection molding (hint: it usually does). It’s honestly pretty cool to look at something and think, “I could make that!”. It’s even cooler when you actually do: Most recent project: Solidworks CNC Mill (Look ma, no hands!) Final paperweight I’m sure all majors have those “Aha!” moments where you see things you are learning in the lecture halls applied in the wild. It excites to me think that in a few short years, I’ll be out there, in the Real Worldâ„¢?, getting to use all of this cool knowledge in Real Lifeâ„¢?. It also kind of frightens me, because that means complete INDEPENDENCE. At least for now, Im happy to stay in the kitchen a while longer. Now if youll excuse me, I have to get back to my stir-fry. It smells like somethings burning Post Tagged #2.001 #2.004 #Course 2 - Mechanical Engineering

Locke vs. Marx Views on Property Rights - 1466 Words

John Locke and Karl Marx, two of the most renowned political philosophers, had many contrasting views when it came the field of political philosophy. Most notably, private property rights ranked high among the plethora of disparities between these two individuals. The main issue at hand was whether or not private property was a natural right. Locke firmly believed that private property was an inherent right, whereas Marx argued otherwise. This essay will examine the views of both Locke and Marx on the subject of private property and will render insight on whose principles appear more credible. Locke is best known for his philosophical ideals regarding the rights of humankind- all individuals have the right to life, liberty, and property. The state of nature has a law of nature to govern it, which obliges every one: and reason, which is that law, teaches all mankind, who will but consult it, that being all equal and independent, no one ought to harm another in his life, health, liberty, or possessions (Locke, Ch. 2, Section 6). The definition of natural rights, according to Locke, is that, â€Å"Everyone is born with an equality of certain rights, regardless of their nationality. Since they come from nature or from God, natural rights cannot be justly taken away without consent (Bill of Rights Institute).† Tying this into the idea on property rights, it is evident that Locke presumed God had given the earth to man to share collectively as a whole. Since God has given the worldShow MoreRelatedMarx Vs. Locke1476 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿Marx vs. Locke Work is something we do on a regular basis, it’s what gets us through our day and makes us who we are. 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The right reasons are ones that are rational. / Motivation shouldRead MoreCleanth Brookss Essay Irony as a Principle of Structure9125 Words   |  37 Pagespractical essence of Marxism to a pitch of clarity and concreteness never before achieved. He has rescued this aspect of Marxism from an almost total oblivion and by virtue of this theoretical action he has once again placed in our hands the key to a right understanding of Marxist method. For it is our task — and this is the fundamental conviction underlying this book — to understand the essence of Marx’s method and to apply it correctly. In no sense do we aspire to ‘improve’ on it. If on a number ofRead MoreOrganisational Theory230255 Words   |  922 Pagesand provides an advanced introduction to the heterogeneous study of organizations, including chapters on phenomenology, critical theory and psychoanalysis. 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Enquiries concerning reproductionRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 Pagesand reproduced, with permission, in this textbook appear on appropriate page within text. Copyright  © 2011, 2007, 2005, 2002, 1998 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Prentice Hall, One Lake Street, Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458. All rights reserved. Manufactured in the United States of America. This publication is protected by Copyright, and permission should be obtained from the publisher prior to any prohibited reproduction, storage in a retrieval system, or transmission in any form

Why Drivers Should Not Be Mandatory - 1635 Words

In the United States, turning 16years is taken as an achievement for most teens because it is finally the time they get to drive a vehicle. A person endures painful driving lessons from his or her overprotective parents who grip on the passenger seat for dear life and lecture him or her for driving a bit fast.lastly, when a person is ready for driving test, he or she take the nerve-wrecking driving tests where if unlucky the driving supervisor would be a grumpy looking man who appear so tough that one can lose his or her nerve and begin making silly mistakes. Nevertheless, after going through the hardships and pain, an individual finally gets a license and a little taste of freedom. Unfortunately, drivers should not be capable to use their phones when driving a vehicle because it is dangerous for the driver and the pedestrian as well. The use of phones takes the driver’s attention off the road. Texting and driving causes fatal accidents, which is the leading cause of deaths among teens and is illegal in most countries. In fact, the usage of phones can cause wrecks and are usually fatal. The people who partake in texting and driving are jeopardizing others as well as themselves. It causes late delayed responses. Drivers require all of their senses, such as sight and hearing to drive. According to psychological study texting and driving puts the driver at a four times higher risk of crashes (Libby et al, 875). 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Consumer Behavior Free Essays

2. What is the basic difference between a fad, a fashion, a classic, and a trend? Provide example of each. A fashion refers to a style that is accepted by a large group of people at a given time such as skinny jeans. We will write a custom essay sample on Consumer Behavior or any similar topic only for you Order Now Some styles become classics, which are styles that become acceptable and in good taste anytime and place such as the classic black dress. A fad is a short lived fashion that suddenly becomes popular and quickly disappears; generally it only affects a specific group of the population such as low rise jeans wore by juniors. A trend is a general direction or movement as a style begins to be accepted such as the revival of high-waist jeans made from a light denim which also were worn in the 60-70s. 11. State some differences between the positivist and interpretivist approaches to consumer research. For each type of inquiry give examples of product dimensions what would be more usefully explored using that type of research over the other. Positivist assume the nature of reality is objective, tangible, and single, while the interprevisit believe that nature of reality is socially constructed and multiple, this should be used with products that are socially minded and include interactions based on technology such as social networking. Positivist have a goal of prediction which is good when trying to create trend reports and in the process of product development, while interpretivist goal is of understanding, this would be most useful when analyzing behavior toward products already on the market. . What is the difference between an enacted norm and a crescive norm? Identify the set of crescive norms operating when a man and a woman in your culture go out for dinner on a first date. What would they wear? An enacted norm are explicitly decided upon while crescive norms are embedded in a culture and are only discovered through interaction with other members’ of the culture. When a young man and woman go out on a first date, if they are both from the same culture then they are following crescive norms, because they are both following the norms which are accepted within their given culture. If they are both from completely different cultures, then they would be operating on enacted norms. What they would wear would be determined based upon what is accepted in their culture as appropriate wear for the occasion. 3. Read the Article â€Å" Body Ritual Among the Nacirema† and discuss what is going on. How to cite Consumer Behavior, Papers Consumer Behavior Free Essays string(72) " and they put on funny little skits when they are waiting on customers\." Chapter 01 Consumer Behavior and Marketing Strategy Multiple Choice Questions 1. Why is China very attractive to marketers around the world? A. because it represents a collective approach to marketing in contrast to the traditional individualist approach used in the United States and other western cultures B. We will write a custom essay sample on Consumer Behavior or any similar topic only for you Order Now Chinese consumers are very brand loyal C. they are the heaviest users of the Internet D. Chinese teens are easier to understand because they are less â€Å"trendy† than teenagers from other countries E. because of its massive population, rising income, and emerging youth market . _____ is the study of individuals, groups, or organizations and the processes they use to select, secure, use, and dispose of products, services, experiences, or ideas to satisfy needs and the impacts that these processes have on the consumer and society. A. Marketing B. Consumer behavior C. Psychographics D. Demographics E. Psychology 3. One primary function of Harriet’s job is to study individuals, groups, or organizations and the processes they use to select, secure, use, and dispose of her company’s products and services to satisfy needs and the impacts that hese processes have on the consumer and society. Harriet works in the field of _____. A. social psychology B. cognitive psycho logy C. management D. consumer behavior E. organizational behavior 4. Which of the following is NOT true regarding consumer behavior? A. Organizations are applying theories and information about consumer behavior on a daily basis. B. It is often necessary to conduct research. C. Consumer behavior is a complex, multidimensional process. D. The overall model of consumer behavior presented in the text is accurate in predicting consumer behavior. E. Marketing practices designed to influence consumer behavior involve ethical issues that affect the firm, the individual, and society. 5. Which of the following is a key aspect regarding consumer behavior? A. Organizations are applying theories and information about consumer behavior on a daily basis. B. It is often necessary to conduct research. C. Consumer behavior is a complex, multidimensional process. D. Marketing practices designed to influence consumer behavior involve ethical issues that affect the firm, the individual, and society. E. all of the above 6. Which of the following is NOT an application of consumer behavior? A. marketing strategy B. human resource management C. regulatory policy D. informed consumers E. social marketing 7. Thomas wants to gain a usable understanding of consumer behavior in order to help him become a more effective marketing manager. Which application of consumer behavior does this represent? A. marketing strategy B. regulatory policy C. social marketing D. informed consumers E. resource management 8. _____ is the application of marketing strategies and tactics to alter or create behaviors that have a positive effect on the targeted individuals or society as a whole. A. Social marketing B. Consumer behavior C. Regulation D. Proactive marketing E. Ethical marketing 9. Mia is concerned how her marketing activities will affect individual consumers as well as society at large. Mia is implementing _____. A. conscientious marketing B. regulated marketing C. ethical marketing D. proactive marketing E. social marketing 10. Most economically developed societies are legitimately referred to as _____ societies. A. marketing B. proactive C. consumption D. competitive E. enhanced 11. Which of the following is used by firms to influence consumers? A. ads B. ackages C. store environments D. sales pitches E. all of the above 12. To survive in a competitive environment, an organization must provide its target customers more _____ than is provided to them by its competition. A. product B. service C. value D. feedback E. attention 13. The difference between all the benefits derived from a total product and all the costs of acquiring those benefits is known as _____ . A. price B. position C. consumer behavior D. customer value E. equity 14. Laurie saved for six months to have enough money to buy a new designer outfit to wear to a special party. She had to travel to a larger city to purchase this outfit, but it was worth it to her because it made her feel beautiful and confident. The difference between the benefits Laurie perceived from this purchase and the cost to her to acquire these benefits describes her _____. A. consumer behavior B. customer value C. motivation D. equity difference E. perceptual field 15. It is critical that a firm consider value from which perspective? A. the competition’s B. the firm’s C. the customer’s D. the government’s E. the industry’s 16. How can an organization provide superior customer value to customers? A. y conducting market research B. by offering their products at the lowest price C. by offering extended warranty coverage on products D. by doing a better job of anticipating and reacting to customer needs than the competition does E. by offering more variations of a product 17. Marketing strategy begins with _____. A. market segmentation B. targeting C. conducting an outcomes assessment D. objective setting E. conducting a market analysis 18. Harold is tasked with developing the marketing strategy for his family’s business. What should he do first? A. segment the market B. conduct a market analysis C. ecide on which segments to target D. develop the marketing mix E. set objectives 19. Marketing strategy is formulated in terms of the marketing mix; that is, it involves determining the product, features, price, communications, distribution, and services that will provide customers with superior value. This entire set of characteristics is often referred to as the _____. A. total product B. customer value C. offering D. value proposition E. total value 20. Disney World in Orlando, FL has several theme parks, resorts, restaurants, and stores. Each is intentionally created to offer a memorable event for visitors. For example, the Wilderness Lodge is a large resort hotel on the grounds, and everything within it is made to look like log cabins and pioneer days. Even the casual restaurant has the wait staff dressed in pioneer costumes, and they put on funny little skits when they are waiting on customers. You read "Consumer Behavior" in category "Essay examples" Which of the following best describes what Disney is selling? A. a product B. a service C. a bundled product D. a bundled service E. an experience 21. _____ are small, convenient, open-air retailing complexes laid out to evoke the small-town shopping districts of previous generations. A. Malls B. Kiosks C. Town centers D. Lifestyle centers E. Micro-malls 22. Which of the following is a component of a market analysis? A. market segmentation B. objectives C. conditions D. price E. all of the above 23. Darren is conducting a market analysis for his business, and he has asked your advice on what he should be analyzing. Which of the following should he consider at this step of marketing strategy development? A. the company’s own ability to meet customer needs B. competitors’ capabilities and strategies C. consumers’ needs D. conditions in the market E. all of the above 24. Jamie is developing a thorough understanding of his company’s own capabilities, the capabilities of current and future competitors, the consumption process of potential customers, and the economic, physical, and technological environment in which these elements interact. Which step in the marketing strategy process is Jamie performing? A. setting objectives B. segmenting the market C. conducting a market analysis D. assessing the outcomes E. targeting the market 25. Which of the following aspects is evaluated when determining a firm’s ability to meet customer needs? A. financial condition B. general managerial skills C. roduction capabilities D. technological sophistication E. all of the above 26. Which of the following is NOT evaluated when analyzing a company’s own ability to meet customer needs? A. competitors B. financial strengths C. general managerial skills D. production capabilities E. reputation 27. As part of developing your company’s marketing s trategy, you are tasked with analyzing the new-product capabilities, channel strength, advertising abilities, service capabilities, marketing research abilities, and market and consumer knowledge. Which aspect of your company’s capabilities are you assessing? A. financial strength B. marketing skills C. general managerial skills D. production capabilities E. reputation 28. A portion of a larger market whose needs differ somewhat from the larger market is referred to as a(n) _____. A. market segment B. niche C. subgroup D. ancillary market E. secondary market 29. Smaller women like to purchase fashionable clothes just as much as any women. However, most clothes are not proportioned for their smaller size and do not fit well. As a result, several manufacturers offer â€Å"petite† sizes of clothing for this group of consumers. Women who comprise this group have needs that differ somewhat from the total market and represent a _____. A. demographic segment B. lifestyle segment C. market potential D. sub-market E. market segment 30. Tracking consumers’ online activity and delivering specific banner ads based on that activity is known as _____. A. clickstream B. blogging C. spam D. behavioral targeting E. electronic targeting 31. Tacoda Systems tracks consumers’ online activity and delivers specific banners based on that activity. This tracking and ad delivery system has been installed on almost 3,000 Web sites, and advertisers pay on a pay-for-performance basis, which means that advertisers pay Tacoda Systems only when a consumer clicks on their ad. The tracking of online activity and delivery of ads based on that activity is called _____. A. click-throughs B. behavioral targeting C. spamming D. blogging E. cookie targeting 32. What is the first step in market segmentation? A. describe each group B. group customers with similar needs sets C. identify product-related need sets D. select an attractive segment to serve E. set objectives for segmenting 33. What is the LAST step in market segmentation? A. describing each group B. selecting an attractive segment(s) to serve C. identifying product-related need sets D. grouping customers with similar need sets E. eciding the segmenting scheme 34. Which of the following is NOT a step in market segmentation? A. set budget B. identify product-related need sets C. group customers with similar need sets D. describe each group E. select an attractive segment(s) to serve 35. Carlos is attempting to segment the market for his company’s products. Where should he begin? A. set objectives B . identify product-related need sets C. group customers with similar need sets D. describe each group E. selecting an attractive segment(s) to serve 36. Which term reflects the fact that most products in developed economies satisfy more than one need? A. multiplicity B. duplicity C. need array D. need set E. value proposition 37. Barry is looking for a car that is dependable yet stylish enough to let others know that he has achieved a respectable status in his life and career. He also wants it to be a high-performance automobile. Dependability, status, and performance represent Barry’s _____. A. self-image B. need set C. alter ego D. unarticulated needs E. lifestyle 38. Which of the following is used to describe a group of consumers with similar needs sets? A. demographics B. lifestyles C. media usage D. a and b E. a, b, and c 39. Talbot’s is a women’s clothing store that offers classic fashions at a slightly premium price (i. e. , a wool skirt typically costs over $100). During the process of market segmentation, Talbot’s identified a group of consumers who are larger than average women yet still want stylish clothing. Further research into this segment revealed that these women tend to be between the ages of 35 and 50, are career-oriented, have a household income over $50,000, and are married with children under the age of 18 living at home. This group is also heavy users of magazines and newspapers as well as prime-time television. Which step of market segmentation does this describe? A. identifying product-related need sets B. grouping customer with similar need sets C. describing each group D. selecting an attractive segment(s) to serve E. profiling current customers 40. The segment(s) within the larger market on which an organization will focus its marketing effort is referred to as the _____. A. need set B. target market C. customer set D. strategic market E. primary market 41. J Produce is a distributor of fresh produce. They conducted a thorough analysis of its market and identified groups of consumers that had similar product-related needs. One particular market identified wanted fresh and unique produce, such as Swiss chard, radicchio, and exotic fruits, and they were willing to pay higher prices for these choices. J Produce decided to focus its marketing effort on this segment of the total market. This segment is J’s _____. A. need set B. primary market C. customer set D. target market E. market focus 42. Which of the following is used to evaluate the attractiveness of various market segments? A. segment size B. distribution available C. fit with company image D. cost to serve E. all of the above 43. Juan has segmented the market for boats and is currently analyzing each with respect to several factors, such as size, growth rate, competitor strength, fit with company image, distribution available, cost to serve, and risk before deciding which segment to target. Which step of market segmentation is Juan conducting? A. identifying product-related need sets B. grouping customer with similar need sets C. describing each group D. selecting an attractive segment(s) to serve E. profiling current customers 44. The product, price, communications, distribution, and services provided to the target market is referred to as the _____. A. need set B. marketing mix C. marketing set D. decision set E. value proposition 45. Which of the following is part of the marketing mix? A. product B. price C. communications D. distribution E. all of the above 46. A(n) _____ is anything a consumer acquires or might acquire to meet a perceived need. A. satisfier B. end state C. product D. value proposition E. outcome 47. To be successful, a product must _____. A. meet the needs of the target market better than the competition does B. be lower priced than competitors’ products C. be of higher quality than competitors’ products D. be advertised more than competitors’ products E. have greater distribution than the competition does 48. _____ include(s) advertising, the sales force, public relations, packaging, and any other signal that the firm provides about itself and its products. A. Value promotions B. Brand equity C. Distribution D. Market segmentation E. Marketing communications 49. Which of the following is included in marketing communications? A. advertising B. sales force C. public relations D. packaging E. all of the above 50. Which of the following is NOT a critical question for developing marketing communications? A. Who do we want to communicate with? B. What effect do we want to have? C. What message will achieve the desired result? D. What media should we use? E. all of the above are critical questions 51. _____ is the amount of money one must pay to obtain the right to use the product. A. Consumer cost B. Total cost C. Price D. Value E. Customer value 52. Amy purchased a new 32†³ LCD high-definition television and paid $1,999 for it. This amount of money Amy had to pay to obtain this product is known as the _____. A. total cost B. value C. value proposition D. price E. consumer cost 53. _____ is everything the consumer must surrender in order to receive the benefits of owning/using the product. A. Value B. Consumer cost C. Price D. Opportunity cost E. Value proposition 54. Timothy and his wife are considering the purchase of a new car. In addition to the price, they are also considering the cost of insurance, gasoline, maintenance, finance charges, and license fees. All of these factors combined represent the _____. A. value B. price C. opportunity cost D. consumer cost E. value proposition 55. Which element of the marketing mix is concerned with having the product available where target customers can buy it? A. product B. price C. distribution D. communications E. placement 56. Tony’s job entails making sure his company’s products get to retailers so that target customers can buy them. Which element of the marketing mix is Tony involved with? A. product B. price C. distribution D. communications E. placement 57. Auxiliary or peripheral activities that are performed to enhance the primary product or primary service is referred to as _____. A. service B. supplemental product C. intangible benefits D. secondary product E. ancillary attributes 58. Which of the following is NOT considered one of the firm’s outcomes of the marketing strategy and consumer behavior process? A. product position B. ustomer satisfaction C. service D. sales and profits E. all of the above are considered outcomes for the firm 59. An image of the product or brand in the consumer’s mind relative to competing products and brands is referred to as the product’s _____. A. equity B. extension C. message D. placement E. position 60. A product’s positio n refers to _____. A. its shelf location in retail stores B. an image of the product in the consumer’s mind relative to competing products C. its price relative to other products in the firm’s product line D. its price relative to competitors’ products E. its stage in the product development process 1. Rod is surveying consumers to gain a better understanding of his restaurant’s image relative to competing restaurants. Rod is concerned with his restaurant’s _____. A. position B. equity C. placement D. driver E. satisfaction index 62. Which outcome of marketing strategy produces the revenue necessary for the firm to continue in business? A. customer satisfaction B. product position C. consumption D. social welfare E. sales and profits 63. John purchases and is satisfied with his SUV because he believes that it provides greater crash safety than a sedan even though this is not technically true. John’s satisfaction is based on the distinction between _____. A. primary need fulfillment and secondary need fulfillment B. actual need fulfillment and perceived need fulfillment C. initial need fulfillment and repeat need fulfillment D. articulated need fulfillment and unarticulated need fulfillment E. attribute fulfillment and benefit fulfillment 64. _____ occurs when individuals or groups make consumption decisions that have negative consequence for their long-run well-being. A. Disintermediation B. Conspicuous consumption C. Disenfranchisement D. Injurious consumption E. Demarketing 65. Bob and his friends go out every weekend and drink until they get drunk. Then they drive home in that condition. Which type of consumption does this represent? A. injurious consumption B. severe consumption C. conspicuous consumption D. unethical consumption E. anti-social consumption 66. Which of the following is a societal outcome of marketing strategy and consumer behavior? A. sales B. need satisfaction C. social welfare D. customer satisfaction E. product position 67. Which of the following is NOT a societal outcome of marketing strategy and consumer behavior? A. economic outcomes B. ustomer satisfaction C. physical environment outcomes D. social welfare E. all of the above are societal outcomes 68. Which is NOT a step in the consumer’s decision process? A. information search B. postpurchase processes C. problem recognition D. alternative evaluation and selection E. self-concept analysis 69. Which of the following is an internal influence on consumer behavior? A. culture B . family C. attitudes D. marketing activities E. reference groups 70. Which is NOT an external influence on consumer behavior? A. culture B. family C. social status D. perception E. marketing activities 71. Teresa is trying to understand her customers better. She is examining the external influences that shape her customers’ self-concepts and lifestyles. Which of the following is a possible external influence Teresa could examine? A. motives B. personality C. perception D. attitudes E. culture 72. Liz Claiborne is a brand of clothing, accessories, and home products. Brand managers at this company are trying to learn which internal influences impact their customers’ needs and desires most. Which of the following is a possible internal influence these managers should examine? A. culture B. personality C. demographics D. family E. social status 73. What is the first step in the consumer decision process? A. problem recognition B. budget setting C. information search D. outlet selection E. alternative evaluation and selection 74. Which of the following statements is true regarding the overall model of consumer behavior? A. It is sufficiently detailed so as to predict particular behaviors. B. Family and culture are internal influences on consumer behavior. C. Personality, emotions, and attitudes represent external influences on consumer behavior. D. A consumer’s self-concept and lifestyle influence his or her needs and desires. E. Experiences and acquisitions have little effect on the process. 75. The totality of an individual’s thoughts and feelings about him- or herself is known as _____. A. lifestyle B. self-concept C. internal influences D. external influences E. consumption outcomes 76. _____ represents how one lives, including the products one buys, how one uses them, what one thinks about them, and how one feels about them. A. Lifestyle B. Self-concept C. Position D. Status E. Social class 77. Which type of decisions involve very little effort or thought on the part of the consumer? A. rimary decisions B. top-of-mind decisions C. low-involvement decisions D. automatic decisions E. self-related decisions 78. Karen was at the checkout at the grocery store and remembered that she was out of chewing gum that she normally likes to keep in her purse. Without much thought, she grabbed two packages of the gum she likes. What type of consumer decision does this illustration? A. primary decision B. top- of-mind decision C. low-involvement decision D. automatic decision E. self-related decision 79. Which of the following is FALSE regarding the working poor? A. They are forced to spend a disproportionate percentage of their income on housing, utilities, and medical care. B. They generally rely on public transportation. C. They spend a larger portion of their relatively small incomes on meals away from home. D. They spend very little on their own financial security. E. They spend the same percent of their income as do higher income consumers on apparel and accessories. 80. What does the consumption of a product like Nikes mean to Andre, the working poor consumer discussed in the â€Å"Consumer Insight†? A. that he can afford a brand that is superior in meeting his physical needs B. is peers will now accept him C. they serve as a visible symbol that he is back as a successful member of society D. he peers will try to be more like him E. they serve as a reminder of what he used to have True / False Questions 81. Consumer behavior is a complex, multidimensional process. True  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  False 82. Marketing decisions and regulations ar e based on exact knowledge of consumer behavior. True  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  False 83. Economically developed societies are often referred to as marketing societies. True  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  False 84. It is critical that a firm consider value from the customer’s perspective. True  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  False 85. Marketing strategy begins with objective setting. True  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  False 86. Product features, price, communications, distribution, and services together are often referred to as customer value. True  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  False 87. Small, convenient, open-air retailing complexes are called town centers. True  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  False 88. Marketing skills include a firm’s financial expertise, general managerial skills, production capabilities, research and development capabilities, technological sophistication, and reputation. True  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  False 89. Tracking consumers’ online activity and sending them specific banner ads based on that activity is known as behavioral targeting. True  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  False 90. The term used to reflect the fact that most products in developed economies satisfy more than one need is customer value. True  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  False 91. A target market is that segment(s) of the larger market on which a company will focus its marketing effort. True  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  False 92. The outcomes of a firm’s marketing strategy are determined by its interaction with the consumer decision process. True  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  False 93. Two key processes involved in need satisfaction are the actual need fulfillment and the perceived need fulfillment. True  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  False 94. A consumer’s needs and desires are shaped by his or her self-concept and lifestyle. True  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  False 95. Lifestyle is the totality of an individual’s thoughts and feelings about him- or herself. True  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  False Essay Questions 96. Describe the field of consumer behavior, and discuss the four key aspects of consumer behavior that make it an important area of study. 97. List and briefly describe applications of consumer behavior. 98. List and briefly describe the four steps involved in market segmentation. 99. Briefly describe the outcomes of marketing strategy for the firm, consumers, and society. 100. Alex is developing the marketing strategy for a brand of men’s clothing. Before he develops his strategy, Alex will conduct research to better understand his customers. Briefly describe a conceptual model that includes the factors he should consider in his research. Chapter 01 Consumer Behavior and Marketing Strategy Answer Key Multiple Choice Questions 1. (p. 5)  Why is China very attractive to marketers around the world? A. because it represents a collective approach to marketing in contrast to the traditional individualist approach used in the United States and other western cultures B. Chinese consumers are very brand loyal C. they are the heaviest users of the Internet D. Chinese teens are easier to understand because they are less â€Å"trendy† than teenagers from other countries E. because of its massive population, rising income, and emerging youth market Difficulty: moderate 2. (p. 6)  _____ is the study of individuals, groups, or organizations and the processes they use to select, secure, use, and dispose of products, services, experiences, or ideas to satisfy needs and the impacts that these processes have on the consumer and society. A. Marketing B. Consumer behavior C. Psychographics D. Demographics E. Psychology Difficulty: easy 3. (p. )  One primary function of Harriet’s job is to study individuals, groups, or organizations and the processes they use to select, secure, use, and dispose of her company’s products and services to satisfy needs and the impacts that these processes have on the consumer and society. Harriet works in the field of _____. A. social psychology B. cognitive psychology C. management D. consum er behavior E. organizational behavior Difficulty: easy 4. (p. 7)  Which of the following is NOT true regarding consumer behavior? A. Organizations are applying theories and information about consumer behavior on a daily basis. B. It is often necessary to conduct research. C. Consumer behavior is a complex, multidimensional process. D. The overall model of consumer behavior presented in the text is accurate in predicting consumer behavior. E. Marketing practices designed to influence consumer behavior involve ethical issues that affect the firm, the individual, and society. Difficulty: hard 5. (p. 7)  Which of the following is a key aspect regarding consumer behavior? A. Organizations are applying theories and information about consumer behavior on a daily basis. B. It is often necessary to conduct research. C. Consumer behavior is a complex, multidimensional process. D. Marketing practices designed to influence consumer behavior involve ethical issues that affect the firm, the individual, and society. E. all of the above Difficulty: easy 6. (p. 9-11)  Which of the following is NOT an application of consumer behavior? A. marketing strategy B. human resource management C. regulatory policy D. informed consumers E. social marketing Difficulty: moderate 7. (p. 9)  Thomas wants to gain a usable understanding of consumer behavior in order to help him become a more effective marketing manager. Which application of consumer behavior does this represent? A. marketing strategy B. regulatory policy C. social marketing D. informed consumers E. resource management Difficulty: moderate 8. (p. 10)  _____ is the application of marketing strategies and tactics to alter or create behaviors that have a positive effect on the targeted individuals or society as a whole. A. Social marketing B. Consumer behavior C. Regulation D. Proactive marketing E. Ethical marketing Difficulty: moderate 9. (p. 10)  Mia is concerned how her marketing activities will affect individual consumers as well as society at large. Mia is implementing _____. A. conscientious marketing B. regulated marketing C. ethical marketing D. proactive marketing E. social marketing Difficulty: moderate 10. (p. 10)  Most economically developed societies are legitimately referred to as _____ societies. A. marketing B. proactive C. consumption D. competitive E. enhanced Difficulty: moderate 11. (p. 11)  Which of the following is used by firms to influence consumers? A. ads B. packages C. store environments D. sales pitches E. all of the above Difficulty: easy 12. (p. 11)  To survive in a competitive environment, an organization must provide its target customers more _____ than is provided to them by its competition. A. product B. service C. value D. feedback E. attention Difficulty: moderate 13. (p. 11)  The difference between all the benefits derived from a total product and all the costs of acquiring those benefits is known as _____. A. price B. position C. consumer behavior D. customer value E. equity Difficulty: moderate 14. (p. 11)  Laurie saved for six months to have enough money to buy a new designer outfit to wear to a special party. She had to travel to a larger city to purchase this outfit, but it was worth it to her because it made her feel beautiful and confident. The difference between the benefits Laurie perceived from this purchase and the cost to her to acquire these benefits describes her _____. A. consumer behavior B. customer value C. motivation D. equity difference E. perceptual field Difficulty: hard 15. (p. 11)  It is critical that a firm consider value from which perspective? A. the competition’s B. the firm’s C. the customer’s D. the government’s E. the industry’s Difficulty: easy 16. (p. 11)  How can an organization provide superior customer value to customers? A. by conducting market research B. by offering their products at the lowest price C. y offering extended warranty coverage on products D. by doing a better job of anticipating and reacting to customer needs than the competition does E. by offering more variations of a product Difficulty: hard 17. (p. 11)  Marketing strategy begins with _____. A. market segmentation B. targeting C. conducting an outcomes assessment D. objective setti ng E. conducting a market analysis Difficulty: moderate 18. (p. 11)  Harold is tasked with developing the marketing strategy for his family’s business. What should he do first? A. segment the market B. conduct a market analysis C. decide on which segments to target D. evelop the marketing mix E. set objectives Difficulty: moderate 19. (p. 12)  Marketing strategy is formulated in terms of the marketing mix; that is, it involves determining the product, features, price, communications, distribution, and services that will provide customers with superior value. This entire set of characteristics is often referred to as the _____. A. total product B. customer value C. offering D. value proposition E. total value Difficulty: moderate 20. (p. 13)  Disney World in Orlando, FL has several theme parks, resorts, restaurants, and stores. Each is intentionally created to offer a memorable event for visitors. For example, the Wilderness Lodge is a large resort hotel on the grounds, and everything within it is made to look like log cabins and pioneer days. Even the casual restaurant has the wait staff dressed in pioneer costumes, and they put on funny little skits when they are waiting on customers. Which of the following best describes what Disney is selling? A. a product B. a service C. a bundled product D. a bundled service E. an experience Difficulty: hard 21. (p. 14)  _____ are small, convenient, open-air retailing complexes laid out to evoke the small-town shopping districts of previous generations. A. Malls B. Kiosks C. Town centers D. Lifestyle centers E. Micro-malls Difficulty: hard 22. (p. 14-16)  Which of the following is a component of a market analysis? A. market segmentation B. objectives C. conditions D. price E. all of the above Difficulty: moderate 23. (p. 14-16)  Darren is conducting a market analysis for his business, and he has asked your advice on what he should be analyzing. Which of the following should he consider at this step of marketing strategy development? A. the company’s own ability to meet customer needs B. competitors’ capabilities and strategies C. consumers’ needs D. conditions in the market E. all of the above Difficulty: moderate 4. (p. 14)  Jamie is developing a thorough understanding of his company’s own capabilities, the capabilities of current and future competitors, the consumption process of potential customers, and the economic, physical, and technological environment in which these elements interact. Which step in the marketing strategy proc ess is Jamie performing? A. setting objectives B. segmenting the market C. conducting a market analysis D. assessing the outcomes E. targeting the market Difficulty: moderate 25. (p. 15)  Which of the following aspects is evaluated when determining a firm’s ability to meet customer needs? A. financial condition B. general managerial skills C. production capabilities D. technological sophistication E. all of the above Difficulty: easy 26. (p. 15)  Which of the following is NOT evaluated when analyzing a company’s own ability to meet customer needs? A. competitors B. financial strengths C. general managerial skills D. production capabilities E. reputation Difficulty: moderate 27. (p. 15)  As part of developing your company’s marketing strategy, you are tasked with analyzing the new-product capabilities, channel strength, advertising abilities, service capabilities, marketing research abilities, and market and consumer knowledge. Which aspect of your company’s capabilities are you assessing? A. financial strength B. marketing skills C. general managerial skills D. production capabilities E. reputation Difficulty: easy 28. (p. 16)  A portion of a larger market whose needs differ somewhat from the larger market is referred to as a(n) _____. A. market segment B. niche C. subgroup D. ancillary market E. secondary market Difficulty: moderate 29. (p. 16)  Smaller women like to purchase fashionable clothes just as much as any women. However, most clothes are not proportioned for their smaller size and do not fit well. As a result, several manufacturers offer â€Å"petite† sizes of clothing for this group of consumers. Women who comprise this group have needs that differ somewhat from the total market and represent a _____. A. demographic segment B. lifestyle segment C. market potential D. sub-market E. market segment Difficulty: hard 30. (p. 16)  Tracking consumers’ online activity and delivering specific banner ads based on that activity is known as _____. A. clickstream B. blogging C. spam D. behavioral targeting E. electronic targeting Difficulty: moderate 31. (p. 6)  Tacoda Systems tracks consumers’ online activity and delivers specific banners based on that activity. This tracking and ad delivery system has been installed on almost 3,000 Web sites, and advertisers pay on a pay-for-performance basis, which means that advertisers pay Tacoda Systems only when a consumer clicks on their ad. The tracking of online activity and delivery of ads based on that activity is call ed _____. A. click-throughs B. behavioral targeting C. spamming D. blogging E. cookie targeting Difficulty: hard 32. (p. 16)  What is the first step in market segmentation? A. escribe each group B. group customers with similar needs sets C. identify product-related need sets D. select an attractive segment to serve E. set objectives for segmenting Difficulty: moderate 33. (p. 16)  What is the LAST step in market segmentation? A. describing each group B. selecting an attractive segment(s) to serve C. identifying product-related need sets D. grouping customers with similar need sets E. deciding the segmenting scheme Difficulty: moderate 34. (p. 16)  Which of the following is NOT a step in market segmentation? A. set budget B. identify product-related need sets C. roup customers with similar need sets D. describe each group E. select an attractive segment(s) to serve Difficulty: hard 35. (p. 16)  Carlos is attempting to segment the market for his company’s products. Wher e should he begin? A. set objectives B. identify product-related need sets C. group customers with similar need sets D. describe each group E. selecting an attractive segment(s) to serve Difficulty: hard 36. (p. 16)  Which term reflects the fact that most products in developed economies satisfy more than one need? A. multiplicity B. duplicity C. need array D. need set E. value proposition Difficulty: moderate 37. (p. 16-17)  Barry is looking for a car that is dependable yet stylish enough to let others know that he has achieved a respectable status in his life and career. He also wants it to be a high-performance automobile. Dependability, status, and performance represent Barry’s _____. A. self-image B. need set C. alter ego D. unarticulated needs E. lifestyle Difficulty: hard 38. (p. 18)  Which of the following is used to describe a group of consumers with similar needs sets? A. demographics B. lifestyles C. media usage D. a and b E. a, b, and c Difficulty: moderate 39. (p. 8)  Talbot’s is a women’s clothing store that offers classic fashions at a slightly premium price (i. e. , a wool skirt typically costs over $100). During the process of market segmentation, Talbot’s identified a group of consumers who are larger than average women yet still want stylish clothing. Further research into this segment revealed that these women tend to be between the ages of 35 and 50, are career-oriented, have a household income over $50,000, and are married with children under the age of 18 living at home. This group is also heavy users of magazines and newspapers as well as prime-time television. Which step of market segmentation does this describe? A. identifying product-related need sets B. grouping customer with similar need sets C. describing each group D. selecting an attractive segment(s) to serve E. profiling current customers Difficulty: moderate 40. (p. 18)  The segment(s) within the larger market on which an organization will focus its marketing effort is referred to as the _____. A. need set B. target market C. customer set D. strategic market E. primary market Difficulty: easy 41. (p. 18)  JJ Produce is a distributor of fresh produce. They conducted a thorough analysis of its market and identified groups of consumers that had similar product-related needs. One particular market identified wanted fresh and unique produce, such as Swiss chard, radicchio, and exotic fruits, and they were willing to pay higher prices for these choices. JJ Produce decided to focus its marketing effort on this segment of the total market. This segment is JJ’s _____. A. need set B. primary market C. customer set D. target market E. market focus Difficulty: moderate 42. (p. 18-19)  Which of the following is used to evaluate the attractiveness of various market segments? A. segment size B. distribution available C. fit with company image D. cost to serve E. all of the above Difficulty: easy 43. (p. 18-19)  Juan has segmented the market for boats and is currently analyzing each with respect to several factors, such as size, growth rate, competitor strength, fit with company image, distribution available, cost to serve, and risk before deciding which segment to target. Which step of market segmentation is Juan conducting? A. identifying product-related need sets B. grouping customer with similar need sets C. describing each group D. selecting an attractive segment(s) to serve E. rofiling current customers Difficulty: hard 44. (p. 19)  The product, price, communications, distribution, and services provided to the target market is referred to as the _____. A. need set B. marketing mix C. marketing set D. decision set E. value proposition Difficulty: easy 45. (p. 19)  Which of the following is part of the marketing mix? A. product B. price C. commun ications D. distribution E. all of the above Difficulty: easy 46. (p. 19)  A(n) _____ is anything a consumer acquires or might acquire to meet a perceived need. A. satisfier B. end state C. product D. value proposition E. outcome Difficulty: moderate 7. (p. 20)  To be successful, a product must _____. A. meet the needs of the target market better than the competition does B. be lower priced than competitors’ products C. be of higher quality than competitors’ products D. be advertised more than competitors’ products E. have greater distribution than the competition does Difficulty: easy 48. (p. 20)  _____ include(s) advertising, the sales force, public relations, packaging, and any other signal that the firm provides about itself and its products. A. Value promotions B. Brand equity C. Distribution D. Market segmentation E. Marketing communications Difficulty: easy 9. (p. 20)  Which of the following is included in marketing communications? A. advertising B. sales force C. public relations D. packaging E. all of the above Difficulty: easy 50. (p. 20-21)  Which of the following is NOT a critical question for developing marketing communications? A. Who do we want to communicate with? B. What effect do we want to have? C. What message will achieve the desired result? D. What media should we use? E. all of the above are critical questions Difficulty: moderate 51. (p. 21)  _____ is the amount of money one must pay to obtain the right to use the product. A. Consumer cost B. Total cost C. Price D. Value E. Customer value Difficulty: easy 52. (p. 21)  Amy purchased a new 32†³ LCD high-definition television and paid $1,999 for it. This amount of money Amy had to pay to obtain this product is known as the _____. A. total cost B. value C. value proposition D. price E. consumer cost Difficulty: moderate 53. (p. 22)  _____ is everything the consumer must surrender in order to receive the benefits of owning/using the product. A. Value B. Consumer cost C. Price D. Opportunity cost E. Value proposition Difficulty: moderate 54. (p. 22)  Timothy and his wife are considering the purchase of a new car. In addition to the price, they are also considering the cost of insurance, gasoline, maintenance, finance charges, and license fees. All of these factors combined represent the _____. A. value B. price C. opportunity cost D. consumer cost E. value proposition Difficulty: moderate 55. (p. 22)  Which element of the marketing mix is concerned with having the product available where target customers can buy it? A. product B. price C. distribution D. communications E. placement Difficulty: easy 56. (p. 22)  Tony’s job entails making sure his company’s products get to retailers so that target customers can buy them. Which element of the marketing mix is Tony involved with? A. product B. price C. distribution D. communications E. placement Difficulty: moderate 57. (p. 22)  Auxiliary or peripheral activities that are performed to enhance the primary product or primary service is referred to as _____. A. service B. supplemental product C. intangible benefits D. secondary product E. ancillary attributes Difficulty: moderate 58. (p. 23)  Which of the following is NOT considered one of the firm’s outcomes of the marketing strategy and consumer behavior process? A. product position B. customer satisfaction C. service How to cite Consumer Behavior, Essay examples

The characters and plot of Frankenstein reflect Shelleys conflicted feelings about the masculine circle which surrounded her Essay Example For Students

The characters and plot of Frankenstein reflect Shelleys conflicted feelings about the masculine circle which surrounded her Essay Shelley began writing Frankenstein in the company of what has been called her male coterie, including her lover Percy Shelley, Lord Byron and his physician John Polidori. It has been suggested that the influence of this group, and particularly that of Shelley and Byron, affected her portrayal of male characters in the novel. As Ann Campbell writes: characters and plot of Frankenstein reflect . . . Shelleys conflicted feelings about the masculine circle which surrounded her. Certainly the male characters in Frankenstein are more developed that those of the females. Elizabeth Fay has suggested that the female characters are idealised figures in much of Shelleys work, particularly in the descriptions of Caroline and Elizabeth, the two mother figures in the novel. Caroline is, on surface value, a perfect parent, together with her husband, which renders Victors irresponsibility in abandoning the creature more unforgivable. She possessed a mind of uncommon mould which was also soft and benevolent; she is compared to a fair exotic flower which is sheltered by Alphonse; she drew inexhaustible stores of affection from a very mine of love to bestow on Victor, and her tender caresses are some of his first recollections. She is the idealised mother, a figure that Shelley viewed wistfully, as her own mother died when she was ten days old to be replaced by a disinterested stepmother. We will write a custom essay on The characters and plot of Frankenstein reflect Shelleys conflicted feelings about the masculine circle which surrounded her specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Carolines parenting provides the care that Frankenstein might well have lacked, had he been left to his father alone à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" his father dismisses Agrippas work without explanation, thereby setting Victor on his course towards destruction. This is the first introduction of a theme that continues throughout the book, that of the necessity for female figures in parenting and in society. Without a mother figure and left only with Frankenstein who subsumes both parental roles, the creatures life is blighted by his imperfection and lack of companionship. However, Caroline is also the trigger to Alfonses chivalry, thus presenting him in an improved light and allowing his character to develop at the expense of her own weakness. This is a feminist comment from Shelley, whose mother Mary Wollenstonecraft was a notorious feminist and an important influence. Justine, too, is an idealised figure, described during the trial as having a countenance which, always engaging, was rendered, by the solemnity of her feelings, exquisitely beautiful. She is the archetypal innocent, being beautiful, weak and entirely accepting of her fate to the point of martyrdom. She would doubtless incense feminists now, accepting death with equanimity I am resigned to the fate awaiting me at the hands of misjudging and dominant men. She is a somewhat two-dimensional character, being compliant in all things, enduring the mistreatment by her mother and not objecting to the injustice of her condemnation. In this sense she serves merely as a plot device, used to introduce the evil of the creature and to show Frankensteins cowardice in refusing to defend her in time. Here she is another feminine figure used to   further a male characters development, just as Caroline was used to develop the character of Alfonse. She is also a vehicle for Shelleys attack on the contemporary judiciary system, which explains her name. The character of Safie is used by Shelley as a direct attack on sexism. Safie is a stronger character than the other women in the novel, as she defies her father in escaping to join Felix. Shelley comments upon the state of bondage inflicted on females in Islamic society at the time, which Safie objects to, encouraged to aspire to the higher powers of intellect, and an independence of spirit by her mother. Shelley, in applauding this determination and self-respect on the part of women, is condemning a society which oppresses females and upholds males as superior. However, Safie is not merely used for this; she is also presented as a contrast to the creature, who is similarly separated from the De Laceys by a language barrier, but who can never be accepted by them because he lacks her angelic beauty. She is an example of mans intolerance towards ugliness, as her beauty transcends the barrier of language whereas the creatures benevolence cannot. .ucb78a0fdbff5a8c04c3e2800aff7d9eb , .ucb78a0fdbff5a8c04c3e2800aff7d9eb .postImageUrl , .ucb78a0fdbff5a8c04c3e2800aff7d9eb .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ucb78a0fdbff5a8c04c3e2800aff7d9eb , .ucb78a0fdbff5a8c04c3e2800aff7d9eb:hover , .ucb78a0fdbff5a8c04c3e2800aff7d9eb:visited , .ucb78a0fdbff5a8c04c3e2800aff7d9eb:active { border:0!important; } .ucb78a0fdbff5a8c04c3e2800aff7d9eb .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ucb78a0fdbff5a8c04c3e2800aff7d9eb { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ucb78a0fdbff5a8c04c3e2800aff7d9eb:active , .ucb78a0fdbff5a8c04c3e2800aff7d9eb:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ucb78a0fdbff5a8c04c3e2800aff7d9eb .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ucb78a0fdbff5a8c04c3e2800aff7d9eb .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ucb78a0fdbff5a8c04c3e2800aff7d9eb .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ucb78a0fdbff5a8c04c3e2800aff7d9eb .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ucb78a0fdbff5a8c04c3e2800aff7d9eb:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ucb78a0fdbff5a8c04c3e2800aff7d9eb .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ucb78a0fdbff5a8c04c3e2800aff7d9eb .ucb78a0fdbff5a8c04c3e2800aff7d9eb-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ucb78a0fdbff5a8c04c3e2800aff7d9eb:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: To Be Or Not To Be, Innit EssayElizabeth is the most idealised figure of all the women in the novel, afforded the following romantic description: The saintly soul of Elizabeth shone like a shrine-dedicated lamp in our peaceful home . . . her smile, her soft voice, the sweet glance of her celestial eyes, were ever there to bless and animate us. She was the living spirit of love to soften and attract. She is here made to transcend ordinary mortality to become celestial and saintly. This makes her death more appalling and triggers Victors active fury, whereas the suffering of the innocent Justine did not. The base murder of the living spirit of love can be said to be the creatures revenge against humankind, as the killing of something so natural and integral to humanity kills happiness with it. But whilst Elizabeth is assigned this pivotal role in the novel, she is in herself two-dimensional as a character, having no friends outside of the family and no interests save trifling occupations within the household. She is content to wait for Victor, despite his long absences and frequent and serious depressions. She is the idealised woman at the time of the novels setting, being submissive, supportive and beautiful. However, the character of Elizabeth can also serve a further purpose. It has been argued by several critics that Elizabeth is the creatures opposite, that she and he together make up Victor. She is his good half and the creature his bad. Both characters are orphans and heavily dependent on Victor. Elizabeth is beautiful, good and female, whereas the creature is ugly, evil and male. The blending of the two create Victor, who has robbed himself of gender by assuming both parental roles. It has been suggested by one critic that Victor has feminine characteristics, being sensitive, passionate about literature . . . and becom enamoured with voice and feelings. This theory can be supported, in that Victor attributes to Elizabeth the ability to subdue to a semblance of her own gentleness. By contrast, the creature unfailingly enrages Victor, causing him to lose self-control and become violent. Whilst the feminine roles are flat and manipulated to affect the character and actions of the male roles, the latter are considerably more defined. As Elizabeth Fay writes, Shelley shows the realistic weaknesses and frailties of men in the novel. Walton is presented as sexist and selfish, mocking his sisters fears for his safety in his opening sentence: You will rejoice to hear that no disaster has accompanied the commencement of an enterprise which you have regarded with such evil forebodings. Margaret is an unsatisfactory audience, as he desires a companion whose eyes would reply to . This companion must necessarily be male, for how could a female possibly communicate adequately with him? However, despite this wish for male companionship, Walton possesses certain feminine characteristics, such as his distaste for violence: . . . my best years spent under your gentle and feminine fosterage, has so refined the groundwork of my character that I cannot overcome an intense distaste to the usual brutality exercised on board ship. He writes adoringly of the strangers conciliating and gentle manners, unparalleled eloquence, nobility and cultivated mind. Waltons ambition to discover uncharted territories is arrogant, as he desires to acquire dominion . . . over the elemental foes of our race. He craves idolatry and power. Shelley introduces this here so that Waltons later failure towards the close of the novel is celebrated by the reader, who has understood that Victors arrogance has caused devastation, whereas Walton has paid little heed and is bitter in his failure. Shelley is commenting on the stupidity of male hubris, which she sensed in the scientific ambitions of Romantics such as her husband, as the critic James W. Maerten has suggested. Maerten writes also of Anthony Easthope, who has drawn: a circular fortress as a model of the . . . masculine ego. Ego . . . is entrapped in its own defences, unable to escape the barriers it has raised against a universe an enemy . . . The most praised . . . in our civilisation are those who can contain and control the most monstrous powers: biological pathogens, nuclear fission, toxic waste, vast armies. .uc77b0eff2f9c2f0d60c8fbaff24d457c , .uc77b0eff2f9c2f0d60c8fbaff24d457c .postImageUrl , .uc77b0eff2f9c2f0d60c8fbaff24d457c .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uc77b0eff2f9c2f0d60c8fbaff24d457c , .uc77b0eff2f9c2f0d60c8fbaff24d457c:hover , .uc77b0eff2f9c2f0d60c8fbaff24d457c:visited , .uc77b0eff2f9c2f0d60c8fbaff24d457c:active { border:0!important; } .uc77b0eff2f9c2f0d60c8fbaff24d457c .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uc77b0eff2f9c2f0d60c8fbaff24d457c { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uc77b0eff2f9c2f0d60c8fbaff24d457c:active , .uc77b0eff2f9c2f0d60c8fbaff24d457c:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uc77b0eff2f9c2f0d60c8fbaff24d457c .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uc77b0eff2f9c2f0d60c8fbaff24d457c .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uc77b0eff2f9c2f0d60c8fbaff24d457c .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uc77b0eff2f9c2f0d60c8fbaff24d457c .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uc77b0eff2f9c2f0d60c8fbaff24d457c:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uc77b0eff2f9c2f0d60c8fbaff24d457c .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uc77b0eff2f9c2f0d60c8fbaff24d457c .uc77b0eff2f9c2f0d60c8fbaff24d457c-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uc77b0eff2f9c2f0d60c8fbaff24d457c:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Irony: incongruity between the actual result of a sequence of events and the expected results EssaySuch Promethean desires are ultimately the illusions of Icarus. Victors ego causes him to desire a new species which would bless as its creator and source. He cannot control the monster that he creates, thereby losing his essential masculinity. His attempt to defy Nature and steal Gods power for himself is as fatal as Icarus stupidity in trying to do what man cannot. This male arrogance is introduced by Alphonse, who assumes the care of Caroline and renders her submissive in gratitude. The blatancy of the strong male and weak female roles here has been condemned by some, who suggest that the imposition of a male role on Victor is a form of filicide. This is responsible for his insecurity which in turn leads to his overreaching ego inflation. A critic has argued that: Victor Frankenstein is compulsively self-destructive, driven by forces he cannot recognise to create a son by his own efforts and without the troublesome involvement of a woman . . . he is horrified . . . nd rejects the creature totally, thereby turning the son into the very monster whose existence he has always denied in himself. It is possible to corroborate this view to some extent, as Victors feminine qualities conflict with his identity as a man. Shelley was concerned with the issue of gender, as in her novel The Last Man she created an essentially genderless character, Lionel Verney, and discussed how he only acknowledged his gender when he viewed himself in a mirror. His reflection told him that he was an English gentleman, but without this empirical perception he had no such identity. Elizabeth Fay writes of him that he is a feminised ideal, combining masculine and feminine traits in such a way as to confute traditional notions of gender. Robert W. Anderson writes that: Frankensteins creature embodies gender transgression on two levels . . . the first being status as being a surgically constructed male, the second being Victors non-gender transgression in co-opting the female trait of reproduction, transforming his laboratory into a virtual womb. The creature has no real gender, despite being created physically as a male. He is denied male dominance over females by Victor, who has made him too ugly to be accepted into human society and then destroys the female mate that he had partially made for him. The creature, like Victor, has feminine characteristics, being profoundly affected by literature and nature, and being sensitive to emotion. He is made male only so that there can be no sexual overtones in the relationship between himself and Victor, and the battle between them can be physical and violent as well as rhetorical. The absence of femininity in the making of the creature is its integral flaw. Despite all of Victors efforts to make the creature perfect, it will ultimately be ugly, because it is unnatural for a male alone to reproduce. Beauty cannot result of only masculinity. Shelley is condemning a single father in this. The death of her mother left her to the care of her father, whom she adored. He often neglected her, leaving her feeling unwanted. The lack of grief on the part of her husband as their babies died augmented this conviction in mens inability to care for children alone. This reinforces her message throughout the novel of the necessity for women in society. Shelley was forced to ask her husband to claim to be the author of the novel, as women were not accepted as writers at the time. Men alone in science and education are fallible, as she suggested in making Frankensteins experiment so disastrous. Therefore the oppression of women at the time was irrational and arrogant. Frankenstein represents flawed masculinity, as an example of a society without women. Shelley manipulated masculine and feminine gender identities in her novel to try and persuade her audience that men alone cannot create, whether it be children or art.